23tt METHODS AND RESULTS OF ETHNOLOGY. 



South of the Atlas, and of the Great Desert, 

 Middle Africa exhibits a new type of humanity in 

 the Negro, with his dark skin, woolly hair, pro- 

 jecting jaws, and thick lips. As a rule, the skull 

 of the Negro is remarkably long; it rarely ap- 

 proaches the broad type, and never exhibits the 

 roundness of the Mongolian. A cultivator of the 

 ground, and dwelling in villages; a maker of pot- 

 tery, and a worker in the useful as well as the 

 ornamental metals; employing the bow and arrow 

 as well as the spear, the typical negro stands high in 

 point of civilization above the Australian. 



Eesembling the Negroes in cranial characters, 

 the Bushmen of South Africa differ from them in 

 their yellowish brown skins, their tufted hair, their 

 remarkably small stature, and their tendency to 

 fatty and other integumentary outgrowths; nor is 

 the wonderful click with which their speech is in- 

 terspersed to be overlooked in enumerating the 

 jmysical characteristics of this strange people. 



The so-called " Dravidian ' populations of 

 Southern Hindostan lead us back, physically as 

 well as geographically, towards the Australians; * 



[* Of the affinities of these stocks I think there can 

 be no doubt. I was formerly inclined to believe that the 

 ancient Egyptian was the highest term in an ascending 

 series: Australian — Dravidian — Egyptian of allied stocks. 

 And I believe still that there is a good deal to be said for 

 that hypothesis. One of the most interesting problems at 

 present is the relation of the praesemitic population of 

 Babylonia to the Dravidians, on the one hand, and the 

 Old Egyptian on the other. Only one point appears to me 

 to be quite clear, if the statues of Tell Loh represent these 



