vi THE ARYAN QUESTION. 291 



and they are not known to have ever used any but 

 these Aryan languages. A large proportion of the 

 brunet broad-heads once spoke the Ligurian and 

 the Rhsstic dialects, which are believed to have 

 been non-Aryan. But, when the Romans made 

 acquaintance with Transalpine Gaul, the inhabit- 

 ants of that country between the Garonne and the 

 Seine (Caesar's Celtica) seem, at any rate for the 

 most part, to have spoken Celtic dialects. The 

 brunet long-heads of Spain and of France appear to 

 have used a non- Aryan language, that Euskarian 

 which still lives on the shores of the Bay of Biscay. 

 In Britain there is no certain knowledge of their 

 use of any but Celtic tongues. What they spoke in 

 the Mediterranean islands and in South Italy does 

 not appear. 



The blond broad-heads of Poland and West 

 Russia form part of a people who, when they first 

 made their appearance in history, occupied the 

 marshy plains imperfectly drained by the Vistula, 

 on the west, the Duna, on the north, and the 

 Dnieper and Bug, on the south. They were known 

 to their neighbours as Wends, and among them- 

 selves as Serbs and Slavs. The Slavonic languages 

 spoken by these people are said to be most closely 

 allied to that of the Lithuanians, who lay upon 

 their northern border. The Slavs resemble the 

 South Germans in the predominance of broad- 

 heads among them, while stature and complexion 

 vary from the, often tall, blonds who prevail in Po- 



