INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION, 1959-79 377 



astronomy. The limitless possibilities for active international cooper- 

 ation in sharing the benefits from weather and communications satellites 

 were reviewed by the Hechler subcommittee in its hearings and reports 

 in 1962. From that point forward, when the jurisdiction in these 

 areas passed to Karth's Subcommittee on Space Science and Applica- 

 tions, strong support for these and other applications projects was 

 furnished by the committee. The worldwide benefits, while not as 

 spectacularly visible as manned space flight, extended to peoples on 

 all continents and afforded prime examples of international cooperative 

 effort. 



NASA Deputy Administrator Dryden briefed the committee every 

 year on attempts to achieve breakthroughs in scientific cooperation 

 with the Soviet Union, as well as the broader and rapidly expanding 

 relationships with other nations. Through the International Com- 

 mittee for Space Research (Cospar), American scientists mixed freely 

 with those of other countries, and the United States funneled complete 

 scientific data on its launchings and research results to Cospar. Many 

 nations also responded to the American offer through Cospar to 

 cooperate with other nations in the launching of satellites. 



INTERNATIONAL SATELLITES 



In 1962, Dr. Dryden reported to the committee the successful 

 launch of NASA's first two international satellites: Ariel, launched 

 with a scientific payload for the British, and Alouette for the Cana- 

 dians . He also told the committee of the launchings of sounding rockets 

 bearing scientific payloads in cooperation with 8 countries, and that 

 37 nations were engaged in special projects in support of our weather 

 and communications satellite programs. In addition, NASA reported a 

 new international fellowship program which had been successfully 

 established in American universities. The Canadian and British satel- 

 lites provided valuable data on the ionosphere, the ionospheric envi- 

 ronment, and solar radiation. Dryden also reported to the committee 

 in 1963: 



The record of foreign visits to NASA installations bears testimony to the rapid 

 growth of interest in space activities abroad. In this connection, I might note that 

 NASA, with the concurrence of the Department of State, has established contact 

 with the two new regional organizations provisionally established in Europe during 

 the past year, the European Space Research Organization (ESRO), and the European 

 Launcher Development Organizations (ELDO), and that our readiness to consider 

 cooperative arrangements of mutual interest has been conveyed to them. 



COOPERATION WITH THE SOVIET UNION 



Dr. Dryden, who died in 1965, steadfastly devoted the last years 

 of his life to establishing cooperative relationships with the Soviet 



