THE CEPHALOPODA. 



453 



In the Dibraowhiata, the auditory sacs are lodged in cavi- 

 ties of the cephalic cartilage, and contain a single large 

 otolith, composed of carbonate of lime, and of rounded or 

 irregular but definite and characteristic form. In JS^autilus, 

 Dr. Macdonald discovered that the auditory sacs are attached 

 to the pedal ganglia, and are not lodged in the cranial cartilage. 

 They contain numerous otoliths. 



An endoskeleton formed of true cartilage is dev^eloped in 

 the region of the principal ganglia, and sometimes furnishes 

 them with a complete investment. It gives attachment to the 

 most important muscles. In some Cephalopods additional 

 cartilages appear in the mantle and in the funnel. The mus- 

 cular fibres of the Ce2yhalopoda are unstriated. 



The sexes are distinct, and the reproductive organs are un- 

 like those of other Mollusks. They consist, in both sexes 

 (Fig. 129), of lamellar or branched organs, the cellular con- 

 tents of which are metamorphosed into ova or spermatozoa, 



Fig 



semi 



I'HQ. —Sepia officinalis.— 1. maleorfrans: t. testis; vd. vas deferens; vs, vesicula 

 -jDiinalis; pr, prostate; hsp.. receptacle of the spermatophores ; p, peuis with the 

 penital aperture. (After Duvernoy.) 

 II. Female genital organs: a. anus ; i, intestine; ov, ovary ; oc?'. oviducal aperture; 

 od, oviducal gland ; gn, nidamental gland ; gn', accessory glands. (After Milue- 

 Edwards.) 



and which are attached to one point or line of the wall of a 

 chamber, which communicates with the pallial cavity by two 



