18()2.] 188 



those obtained in this manner, 1 captured, in course of the season, about a 

 dozen others along one of the narrow forest roads which they frequented, 

 in company with Progne, Faunus and some of the larger Vanessas. In 

 this locality Faunus w^as abundant. I took sixty in one morning, and not 

 less than one hundred and fifty during the season. Probably the larvae of 

 this species would have been found, in early summer, on the wild goose- 

 berry bushes that grew every where along the road. Faunus remained 

 till late in October, fully six weeks after Comma had disappeared. Comma 

 seems to be more rare than either of the allied species. I have met with 

 it in Kanawha county, West Virginia, but nowhere else, except in the 

 Catskills. A single specimen was received from Fort Simpson, where 

 Progne and Faunus seem to be abundant. 



Grapta Faunus differs from C. album much as it differs from Progne 

 and from Comma, and as Comma differs from the small variety of Interro- 

 gationis. The general plan in the markings of these species is the same, 

 and the principal differences are in minor details. The upper side of all 

 have the same number of spots, and they are disposed in same manner. 

 Beneath they all have the basal half of the wing darkest, a similar dark 

 angular common band just before the middle, a lighter space beyond this, 

 and two rows of spots along the hind margin the outer of which are con- 

 fluent. The entire surface of each is more or less marked with fine, trans- 

 verse, abbreviated streaks. But Progne has the surface so obscured by these 

 streaks, that often nearly the whole is black, and the common band hardly 

 distinguishable. The entire row of spots is blue-black or green, the inner 

 black, and the silver mark is an L. Comma is marbled in shades of 

 brown, with a general lilac tinge ; the outer row of spots is blue, and the 

 inner black, while the silver mark is a very open C. Faunus is dark 

 brown next the base, pale beyond, marbled with grey-white, and the whole 

 more or less clouded with vinous. The marginal rows of spots are both 

 blue-black or sometimes green, and the silver mark in the male is usually 

 a small angular Gr, but in the female sometimes an L, as in Progne, and 

 sometimes a comma, as in the species so named. 



Comparing Faunus with C. album, the former is deeper colored by 

 many degrees ; it is one-fifth larger, the black spots and margins much 

 heavier, and, owing to this and the depth of the ground-color, the general 

 hue of the surface is much darker than either C. album or any of the 

 American species. The under side of C. album is described by Westwood 

 as '' greyish ashen," and by Mr. Stainton as " dusky brown." Several 

 European specimens, now before me, answer one or other of these 



