1862.] 2tl) 



not recollect now having observed any instance of the same kind of oak- 

 apple being sometimes vernal (that is, beginning to grow early in the 

 spring, together with the growth of the leaves and producing the fly to- 

 wards midsummer) sometimes antnmnal (that is, reaching its full growth 

 later in the summer or in the fall ; the fly either escaping late in the fall 

 or remaining in the gall till the following spring). In my former paper 

 I said on p. 5G "I am inclined to agree with Dr. Fitch, who supposes that 

 there are annually two generations of this fly ( C coiijluens)." But I do 

 not remember now whether I founded this opinion on a fact or on a mere 

 probability, and rather believe the latter, as otherwise I would have re- 

 corded that fact. The question remains, therefore, undecided. 



.S. Sexes op the CYNIPID^. 



When I first reared (J. q. coelebs % , its resemblance to the females ob- 

 tained from the oak-apples, which, at that time, I called O. conjiuens, 

 started the idea in my mind that they might belong together and that the 

 question of the sexes of the ('i/nipldit might thus find its solution in the 

 occurrence of the males in galls different in shape from those of the fe- 

 males. The discovery of the four exceedingly similar species recorded 

 above diminishes the importance of the resemblance on which I have bas- 

 ed my hypothesis. The latter is moreover apparently altogether unsettled 

 by the rearing of male specimens of Ci/nips from oak-apples. I now pos- 

 sess % and 9 of C. q. sjjongifica, and Mr. "Walsh has reared a S of what 

 seems to be C. q. coccincx. It follows hence that if % and 5 gall-flies can 

 be reared from oak-apples, the as yetvunknown $ of C. q. ralrhs may also 

 be obtained from a spindle-shaped gall, resembling that of the male. It 

 follows also that the gall-flies, prodiieed by the vernal oak-apples of 6'. q. 

 coccinese, iiianis and spongifiea do not belong to the agamous genera of 

 Hartig. The case is different with the autumnal oak-apples. Mr. Walsh 

 informs me that he has now reared over 100 Ci/n!ps aciculata from oak- 

 apples gathered in the fall, without a single % among them. I have shown 

 already (p. 246) that this species, as well as Cijnips q. centricola 0. S., 

 which is also produced by an autumnal oak-apple, both belong to a genus 

 different from the above vernal gall-flies. This genus therefore must be 

 the true agamous Cijnlps scnsu strktiori of Hartig and the question of 

 the male sex remains open for it. 



