252 . [September 



an oblong, woody irregular mass, sometimes two inches or more long. Its 

 most striking character are its slightly curved conical projections, hollow 

 on the inside, which bud forth from all sides of the gall. On dry, dead 

 galls, these horn-shaped projections are for the most part broken off, so 

 that their bases alone are visible, projecting like short tubes from the 

 cracks of the woody tubercle. In order to be able to designate this gall, 

 the development of which I have not been able to investigate completely, 

 I give its as yet unknown originator the provisional name of G. q. corni- 

 gera n. sp. 



After having very frequently observed dead galls of this kind, I finally 

 succeeded on the 13tli of May, 1862, to find some young and growing 

 ones. They were of moderate size; their back was greenish and their 

 wood soft and succulent. The conical projections were just beginning to 

 bud forth ; when laid bare, by removing with a knife the wood around 

 them, they appeared to extend deep inside of the gall, almost down to 

 the twig. Their color was whitish, their consistency soft, apparently 

 fibrous, and not woody. At that time, they were not hollow yet, and I 

 could not find any larvae in them. When I brought the galls home, numer- 

 ous gall-flies, evidently parasitical, began to escape from them. They 

 emerged from hollows in the woody substance between the horn-shaped 

 bodies and had nothing in common with the latter. They resemble the 

 Ci/nips (Synerges?) oncratus Harris and evidently belong to the same par- 

 asitical genus. When I visited the same spot during the latter part of 

 June, 1 foijnd some of the horn-shaped bodies already projecting about 

 one-tenth of an inch; their substance had become harder and more woody; 

 their inner end had become club-shaped, distinctly isolated from the sur- 

 rounding wood, so that the whole of these bodies could be easily removed 

 by cutting away the wood around them. On the inside, the inner end 

 was hollow and contained a small larva. This larva is probably that of 

 the true gall-producing Cijnips^ but, unfortunately, I was prevented from 

 watching its growth further. 



Cynips (Synerges'?) lignicola 0. S. — Yellow, black spot on the vertex; upper 

 part of thorax and of tlie abdmnen black; length, % about 0.1; 9 0-12. 



Head pale yellow with a black spot on the vertex: tijis of mandibles black : % 

 antennae 15-jointed, the third joint with the usual excision below ; 9 antennse 13- 

 jointed, the last being elongated and showing two slight subdivisions. Collare 

 and pectus yellow; upjier and hind part of the thorax black. Legs, including 

 the coxse, yellow, onychia brown; abdomen brownish- red, black above: it consists 

 apparently of a single, smootli, shining segment, the following segments being 



