210 Cockerell — The Cyprinid Suhfamih/ Chondrostominse. 



The Chondrostominfie, according to scale-characters, maj' be 

 classified as follows: 



(A) Tribe Cliondrostomini. Palpearctic fishes?; scales relatively large, 



about as broad as long, retaining the prominent, lateral basal 

 angles (as in the American Moxostoma and Carpiodes); lateral 

 circuli very numerous . . genus Chondrostoma Agassiz. 



Group 1. Scale-! rather small; apical radii numerous, about 12. to 

 14; basal radii well developed . . . C. pohjlepis and C. meigil. 

 Both from S. Domingo de Silos, Burgos, Spain, 

 (Gonz'ilfs); Brit. Museum. 

 Group 2. Similar to the last (both have the nuclear area basad of 

 the middle), but apical radii fewer, 7 or 8 . C. knerii. 



River Arga near Pamplona {A. 7\ I). Berringlon) ; 

 Brit. Museum. 

 Group o. Scales large, about 8 mm. diameter; apical radii few, 5 

 or 6, wide apart; nuclear area little basad of the middle. 



C. nasus L. ; 

 Visoko Fojnica, Bosnia { Dr. F. Wtrner) ; Brit. Mus. 



C. soettd. 

 River Mincio, Italy {Dr. F. Werner); Brit. Mus. 



(B) Tribe Acrocheilini. Fishes of Pacific slope of North America ; scales 



very small, oval to subcircular, without latero-basal angles; 

 basal radii evanescent; apical radii few; lateral circuli very few 

 as compared with tlie European group; apical circuli (between 

 the radii) widely spaced; nuclear area far basad of the middle. 



(1) Lateral circuli about 15 Orlhodun viicrolepidotus. 



San JMiguel, California. 



(2) Lateral circuli about 12; nuclear area rather more basal; api- 



cal circuli more widely spaced, but general features of scale 



as in Orthndon Acroclieilvs ulutnceuK. 



Payette River, Idaho. 



So far as the scales go, it must he held that the European group is cer- 

 taiidy the more primitive one. It is also to be noted that species of 

 Chondrostoma have been found in the Upper Oligocene or Lower Miocene 

 of Bohemia. 



All the scales described are from the vicinity of the lateral line, at tlie 

 level of the beginning of the dorsal fin. 



