2 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 



not numerous in American entomological literature. Our 

 thanks are also due to Mr. Chas. Dury for identifications in 

 the Cisidae, to Mr. C. W. Frost for many miscellaneous iden- 

 tifications in the Coleoptera, to Dr. W. G. Dietz for his help 

 with the Tiptdidae, to Mr. August Busck in connection with 

 the micros, to Mr. Crawford and Mr. Cushman who, through 

 the courtesy of Dr. L. O. Howard, identified the parasites, to 

 Mr. C. W. Johnson, Dr. E. P. Felt and Dr. O. A. Johannsen, 

 who identified the Diptera other than the crane flies, and to 

 Mr. Charles Macnamara, who determined the springtails. 



What appears to be a definite relationship between certain 

 fungi and insects has been observed in the past by both mycol- 

 ogists and entomologists. Von Schrenk and Spaulding, 1 writ- 

 ing of the fungus Polyporus obtusus, state that "the spores of 

 the fungus germinate in the burrows of an oak-boring insect 

 Prionoxystus robiniae Peck. The fungus grows in the borings 

 and follows the insect burrows until it reaches the heartwood 

 of the tree." Concerning the disease Fomes rimosus of the 

 black locust, they say, "infection takes place through older 

 branches and through tunnels made by the locust borer Cyllene 

 robiniae." 



Hopkins, in his "Insect Enemies of the Spruce in the North- 

 east," 2 writes as follows about the beetle Dendroctonus 

 piceaperda Hopk., and the fungus Polyporus volvatus Peck: 

 "Nearly all recently dead trees and even some that are not 

 yet dead but contain broods of the beetle, are found to have 

 small, yellow, globular fungus protruding either from the holes 

 in the roof of the egg galleries or those made when the adults 

 emerged from the bark. This fungus which grows beneath 

 the bark pushes its way out to develop spores or fruiting parts. 

 These fungi are conspicuous objects, and they often occur by 

 hundreds on the bark of the tree for two or three years after 

 they have died and the beetles have emerged. The fact that 

 the work of the spruce-destroying beetle seems to make the 

 conditions more favorable for the introduction and subsequent 

 growth of this fungus indicates that it is more closely asso- 

 ciated with the work of this beetle than is any of the other 



1 Bull. 149, U. S. Bur. PI. Indus. 



» Bull. 28, N. S. U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Ent. 



