APPENDIX 4 

 FUSION FACILITIES 



In the magnetic-confinement fusion program, there is a strong 

 evolution of projects. If an initial project works well and it ad- 

 vances to its next step, it may well incorporate much of the initial 

 hardware. Each new step may not be considered to be a new device, 

 even though the name has been modified, since it may involve the 

 same people, the same basic facility, the same location, the same 

 general purpose, and much of the same hardware. As a consequence, 

 in this appendix, the evolution of a specific facility is treated as 

 one facility rather than several and is described briefly. 



These programs in magnetic-confinement fusion involve a wide 

 variety of international activities including informal information 

 exchange, informal collaboration by researchers, and formal umbrella 

 agreements which allow the countries involved to carry out specific 

 technical projects, such as joint funding of research and hardware. 

 While each of the programs is involved in some or all of these actl- 

 ties, the role and level of involvement varies from program to program 

 and evolves according to scientific need and economic and political 

 conditions both in the United States and abroad. Since there are so 

 many factors involved, it is difficult to project the potential for 

 international cooperation on a facility-by-faclllty basis. 



In general, the dollar values given for the magnetic-confinement 

 fusion facilities are estimates of the equivalent U.S. replacement 

 values, that is, estimates of what it would cost in 1984 dollars to 

 build the same facility in the United States. The estimates have been 

 obtained from staff members of the Department of Energy who have first- 

 hand knowledge of the facility and from people in the field who have 

 been involved in building the facility, or a similar facility, as 

 would be the case with foreign facilities. Estimates have been used 

 rather than published construction costs because, for several reasons, 

 the published figures do not reflect the true cost of the facility. 

 One reason is that the published figures do not Include the value of 

 the elements carried over from the previous device, which is usually 

 substantial, nor are the published figures updated to include addi- 

 tions such as new diagnostics or more neutral beam power. Also, for 

 the smaller foreign devices, the actual construction costs could not 

 be found . 



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