199 



EUROPE 



INTERNATIONAL ULTRAVIOLET EXPLORER (lUE) 



European Space Agency (E.S.A.), NASA, and the Science and Engineering 

 Research Council (U.K.) 



"Big Science" Descriptor : Space: physics and astronomy 



Description of Facility/Instrument : This satellite has obtained ultra- 

 violet spectra from objects ranging from planets, planetary 

 nebulae, supernova remnants, galaxies, and quasars. 



Date of Construction : January 26, 1978 (launch) 



Construction Cost : 1984 $$ : 



Present International Cooperation 



Natlonallty(s) of Ownership : E.S.A.-U.S. 

 Natlonallty(8) of Operational Funding ; E.S.A.-U.S. 

 Natlonallty(s) of Management Staff : E.S.A.-U.S. 

 Natlonallty(s) of Researchers : E.S.A.-U.S. 



This program Involves extensive international coopera- 

 tion, including two other satellites and six ground tele- 

 scopes worldwide. 



EUROPE 



EXOSAT 



European Space Agency (E.S.A.) 



"Big Science" Descriptor : Space: physics and astronomy 



Description of Facility/Instrument : This E.S.A. satellite was launched 

 by Ariane (France). Its purpose is to determine the positions 

 and examine the structures of celestial x-ray sources. Its most 

 common mode of operation will be the use of lunar occultatlon, 

 that is, taking account of the time and speed of disappearance of 

 celestial objects behind the lunar disc. 



Date of Construction : May 26, 1983 (launch) 



Construction Cost ; 1984 $$ : 



Present International Cooperation 



Natlonality(s) of Ownership : E.S.A. 

 Nationallty(s) of Operational Funding : E.S.A. 

 Natlonallty(s) of Management Staff : E.S.A. 

 Nationallty(s) of Researchers : E.S.A. 



The satellite Involved European participation (U.K., the 

 Federal Republic of Germany, the Netherlands, and European 

 industrial flms in addition to E.S.A.). It was launched 

 by the United States on May 26, 1983. 



