Park. — Glaciation on the Shores of CooJc Strait. 587 



Many of the spurs that project into the sounds are sharply truncated 

 in the manner shown in fig. 7, below. 



Fio. 7. — Showlsg Profile of Tkuncated Spue ix Queex Charlotte Sound. 



Besides being truncated on the crest, the ends of the^spurs are some- 

 times terraced with a succession of rock shelves. A good example of this is 

 seen at the north-east end of Chatwood Island, which is passed before reach- 

 ing the French Pass. 



/ 

 / 



A £ ^ , yu» ^r ^ 'Sty 



Fig. 8. — Showing Terraced End of Chatwood Island. 



Between the French Pass and Nelson there is the Lion Island, which 

 presents the characteristic appearance of an ice-worn surface. 



Fig. 9. — Showing Lion Island, between Cable Bay and French Pass. 



To the south-east of Nelson we have Saddle Hill, with its twin domes, 

 Sugar Cone, and other hills nearer the town, the smooth outlines of which 

 are strongly suggestive of ice erosion. 



At the Port Hills, Nelson, there is a thick deposit of gravel, sand, and 

 clay, rudely stratified. This deposit rests on a highly denuded surface of 

 the Miocene Tertiaries, forming the front of the Port Hills, and is faulted 

 and tilted at various angles. It is mainly composed of greywacke and 

 granite, both derived from the neighbourhood of Mackie's Bluft". It is 

 quite clear that this drift at one time extended continuously from Nelson 

 across the mud-flat to Wakapuaka. Its removal from this area is the 

 work of the Maitai River. 



The Nelson Boulder-bank is mainly composed of greywacke and granite 

 boulders which have been derived from the great Wakapuaka drift, a por- 

 tion of which, as we have seen, still remains at the Port Hills. In other 

 words, the Boulder-bank is composed of the re-sorted material of the great 

 drift being piled up in its present form by the action of the sea-currents 

 on the one side and by the Maitai and other streams that enter the bay 

 on the other side. That this drift came from the north-east is proved by 

 the character of the material. The material is fluviatile ; but the existing 

 rivers run transversely to the course of the river that must have trans- 

 ported it to its present place. This ancient river must have flowed from 

 the direction of the French Pass. The question is, Was this ancient river 

 connected with the Cook Strait glacier ? 



The Moutere gravels are composed of greywacke, and can be traced 

 continuously from the shores of Golden Bay to the Hope Saddle. They 



