584 Transactions. 



and largest masses of rock occur at the southern limit, and the least develop- 

 ment and smallest blocks nearest the source — the converse of the condi- 

 tions that pertain with river deposits. 



In all its physical characters the Hautapu till resembles the boulder- 

 clay of England and the till of Scotland. Perhaps the only point of differ- 

 ence is that the Hautapu till contains less water-worn material than that of 

 Britain, and only a fraction of that contained in the ancient moraines of 

 Otago. 



The great Taieri moraine, which extends along the coastal hills from 

 near Dunedin to the Clutha, contains over 40 per cent, of water - worn 

 material ; while the Kingston moraine, at the south end of Lake Wakatipu, 

 the Queenstown, Kawarau, and Clyde moraines, contain over 50 per cent. 



The till of Scotland is described by Geikie* as a mere unstratified con- 

 glomeration of boulders and gravel in a matrix of stiff clay. This is un- 

 doubtedly its prevailing character, but it also contains lenticular stratified 

 beds. In another place he says,| " A boulder-clay is not merely a clay 

 with a greater or less number of boulders scattered through it ; it is rather 

 an earth— a mixture of gritty clay, sand, gravel, and boulders heaped 

 together indiscriminately in constantly varying proportions." 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES XLV-LL 

 Plate XLV. 



On the Main Trunk Railway at the 247j-mile peg near Turanga-a-rere. Photo by 

 J. Park. 



Plate XLVI. 



Near the middle of cutting at the 250-mile peg near Turanga-a-rere. Photo by 

 J. Park. 



Plate XLVII. 



Big cutting near the 250-mile peg about a mile south of Turanga-a-rere. Photo 

 by A. Hamilton. 



Plate XLVIII. 



Perched erratic rocks near Hautapu Falls, at big bend past Turanga-a-rere. 



Plate XLIX. 



Glacial drift lying on eroded surface of Pliocene clays or papa, in big cutting about 

 a quarter of a mile past Hautapu Falls, near big bend south of Turanga-a-rere. Photo 

 by A. Hamilton. 



Plate L. 



Showing faulted older glacial deposit overlain unconformably by younger glacial tUl, 

 in cutting at 252|-mile, about 5 mUes south of Turanga-a-rere. Photo by A. Hamilton. 



Plate LI. 

 Near Taihape Railway-station. Photo by J. Park. 



* A. Geikie : " Glacial Drifts of Scotland," p. 36. 

 fX.c, p. 35. 



