Waite. — Fishes of Kermadec and Norfolk Islands. 373 



to tip of snout than to root of ventral " ; for " ventral " read, " caudal." 

 " Postero-laterals in advance of the first dorsal " ; for "' first dorsal " read 

 " second dorsal." 



Gonostoma raoulensis, sp. no v. Plate XXXV, fig, 1. 



D. 10 ; A. 10 ; V. 6 ; P. 11 ; C. 8 + 15 ; Sc. 38, Sc. tr. 9. 



Length of head, 3-8 ; height of body, 5-4 in the length ; diameter of 

 eye, 3-4 ; and interorbital space, 5 in the head. 



Head compressed, lower jaw the longer ; the maxilla extends beyond 

 the eye, and is toothed to its extremity ; the mouth is large, and the teeth 

 in the jaws are canine-Uke, of unequal size; there are teeth on the pala- 

 tines, but none on the vomer. No pseudobranchise. Gills, 4 ; gill-rakers 

 long and slender, 18 on the first arch. 13 being on the lower limb. 



Body compressed. The dorsal fin commences midway between the 

 middle of the eye and the base of the caudal ; the length of its base is one- 

 fifth less than the head, ; adipose fin present ; the anal fin commences below 

 the hinder third of the dorsal, and has a shorter base ; the ventral fin lies 

 midwav between the end of the snout and the base of the caudal; the 

 pectorals are inserted low, and extend more than half their distance from 

 the ventrals; the caudal is forked, and the depth of the peduncle is less 

 than the diameter of the eye. 



The scales are large, thin, and cycloid ; and on the head are present, on 

 the opercles at least, no certain traces of lateral line. 



The sides are silvery, the upper edge dark brown as far as the hinder 

 insertion of the dorsal ; dots behind the adipose fin, also at the base of the 

 caudal peduncle : upper part of head spotted : all the fins colourless. 



The photophores are arranged thus : — Preorbital : 1, immediately in 

 front of the eye. Suborbital : 1, at the lower hinder angle. Opercular : 

 1 on the edge of the preopercle, 2 behind its angle, about 12 on the imier 

 side of the opercles, continued forward towards the symphysis of the lower 

 jaw. Mandibular : a pair at the symphysis, and 8 pairs on the isthmus — 

 that is, a series of 8, and a corresponding series on the other side of the 

 ventral fine. Thoracic : 16 true pairs (as above), the anterior one beneath 

 the gill-cover ; also an upper series of 12 lying close above the hinder 12 

 pairs. Ventral : 10 pairs, an upper series of 11, the extra one lying above 

 the ventral fin ; the whole upper row thus forms an unbroken series of 

 23 photophores. Anal : 13 or 14 pairs, less regularly disposed, posterior 

 to the fin. Caudal : none, unless the last 2 of the anal series, which are 

 sUghtly separated, be so regarded. 



Length, 41 mm. 



The differences between Gonostoma and Phosichthys were indicated by 

 Goode and Bean,* and Giintherf has given an excellent figure of P. argen- 

 teus, that by its author being incorrect, illustrating two rows of photo- 

 phores above and beyond the airal fin, instead of one row only. 



Gonostoma microdon, Giinther, also recorded from New Zealand, has 

 been made the type of the genus Cyclothone, Goode and Bean, differing in 

 absence of scales and usually the adipose fin also. The luminous spots 

 are less conspicuous than in Gonostoma. 



Maurolicus australis, Hector, is generically distinct, and will be diagnosed 

 in a later paper. 



* Goode and Bean, Oceanic Iclith. Mem. Mus. Harr. Coll., xxii, 1896, p. 104. 

 t Giinther, Chall. Rep., xxii, 1887, pi. xlv, fig. a. 



