510 Tranmctions. 



d. for now the thought 

 Both of lost ha]ipiness and lasting pain 



Torments/ him ; ronnd/ he throws/ his bale/ful eyes/, (P.L., i, 56.) 



e. And make mj- seated heart knock at my ribs 

 Against the use of nk/tiire ? Pre/sent fears/ 



Are less than liorrible imaginings. (Macb. I, iii. 137.) 



/. rolling in the fiery gulf. 



Confounded though imm6r//ff? .• But/ his doom// 

 Preserv'd him to more wrath. (P.L-, i, 53.) 



These may be called, divided duple units. As noted, in paragraph, 17 

 of Section III, such pauses dividing triple units caused the name " hyper- 

 metrical " 01 " supernumerary " to be given to one of the syllables of the unit. 

 In the following verses the pause falls after the first, or so-called " hyper- 

 metrical " syllable : — 



(2.) a. are you aught 



That man may qnes /tio7i ? You seem /to understand me. 



(Macb.. I. iii, 43.) 

 h. The rest is \k/bour, which is/ not used for vou : 



(Macb., I, iv, 44.) 



In the following verses, however, the pause falls after the second syllable : — 



(3.) a. . from his sight receiv'd 



Beatitude past i\/tterance ; "on/ his right/ 



The radiant image of his glory sat. (P.Ij., iii> 62.) 



h. our graver business 



Frowns at this \e/vit//. Gen/ tie lords, let's part ; 



(Ant. & Cleo., II, vii, 128.) 



In these it would be difficult to say which is the hypermetrical syllable,, 

 though an indication is afforded by a verse in Newton's Milton : — 



(3.) b. The good befall'n him. ftuthor rmsuspect, (P.L., ix, 771.) 



The dropping of the " e " in " befallen " removes the unit from the category 

 of those exampled in (3) rf, and suggests that vowels in the other words 

 might also be dropped, making " utterance " " utt'rance." Is such bar- 

 barity preferable before the divided triple unit ? Again it is a question of 

 individual taste in reading ; and if some, even a few, readers prefer to con- 

 sider the words unmutilated. then the divided triple unit, as well as the 

 divided duple, must be admitted by prosodists. A divided triple means a 

 triple unit whose syllables are separated by a pause, and so with a divided 

 duple : a paused duple unit is one composed of a pause and a syllable ; a 

 paused triple would simply be duple. 



2. The question that arises is, seeing that the pause in the duple unit 

 is an indication of potentiality towards a triple unit, is the pause in the 

 triple unit an indication of potentiality towards a quadruple unit ? The 

 logical answer must be in the affirmative. There is no doubt that quad- 

 ruple or four-syllabled units do occur not only in the unpolished yet in- 

 valuable ballads, but in the perfect and exalted verse of Shakspeare and 

 Milton. Again examples are best evidence : — 



(4.) rt. abash'd the Devil stood, 



And felt how awful goodness is, and saw 

 Vir/tue in her shape/ how lovely; saw. and ])in'd 

 His loss; (P.L.. iv. 847.) 



and Antony, 

 Enthron'd i" the market-place, did sit alone, 

 Wliiti/tlimj to the air/. which, but for vacancy, 

 Had gone to gaze on Cleopatra too, (Ant. & Cleo.. II, ii. 221.) 



