Cockerell — The Scales of the Clupeid Fishes. 63 



verse circuli reacliiug tlie margin at a larger angle, the transverse 

 radii (if thej' may be so called) essentially as in Alosa. There is 

 no generic difference from Alosa in sqiiamation. 



(2.) Sardim'Ua hioiwralls C. ik V. Tampa, Fla, ( ^Milwaukee Museum). 

 Scales about 4 mm. broad and I' long, with evident laterobasal 

 angles. Scale formed and sculi)tnred as in young Alosa, except 

 for its much greater brea<lth, and some crenulation of the very 

 thin apical margin, with rudimentary radii. There are three 

 transverse radii, but the third presents only its middle part, 

 running into the margin where it is concave. The circuli are 

 strictly transverse, most n'aching the margin practically at a right 

 angle. If these scales are not immature, they at any rate repre- 

 sent a stage corresponding witli immature Alosa, but not in any 

 sense jirimitive. 



{?>.) Pomolohus pseudohareiigus (Wilson) and P. tvstiralis (Mitch.) both 

 from six miles otl" Liverpool, X. S. Large yellowish scales, 10 or 

 11 nnn. broad, but those of P. pseudoharengus more transverse, 

 evidently broader than long, those of P. wstivalis about as broad 

 as long. The markings are quite the same, and of the Alosa pat- 

 tern; corresjxinding, however, to a rather immature stage of Alosa. 



(4.) Pomolohus pseudoharevyus (Wilson). Lake Ontario, IMonroe Co., 

 N. Y. Colorless scales little more than 4 nnn. broad, evidently 

 immature. I do not know any way to distinguish them from 

 young scales of Alosa. 



Thus the Clupeid scales so far examined are exceedingly uniform, and 

 exceedingly distinct from all others I have seen. I have also examined 

 Knightia eocana Jordan, from the Eocene of Green River, Wyoming. In 

 this the scales are large and very l)road, an<l show the characteristic 

 transverse circuli very well. I can not make out any radii, transverse or 

 otherwise, but the thin edges of the scale are not preserved. Meletta 

 sardinites Heckel, a fossil species from Radoboj, is figured as having the 

 scales with three or four very strong apical radii, and the same basal. 

 This can not be a Meletta (i. e. Pomolohus) or a Clupea; it has no resem- 

 blance to any Clupeid known to me. 



