CANID^. 917 



A nearly entire skull from the John Day region of Oregon is figured 

 on Plate LXVIII, figs. 5, 8, of the natural size. Its form partakes of the 

 anterior abbreviation common to the Canidce of the Miocene, in which that 

 region is shorter than in recent species of Canis and Vulpes. The nearest 

 approach to such proportions is made by the Vulpes cinereoargentatus, where 

 the length anterior to the orbits enters the length of the skull two and a 

 half times. In the G. gregarius the proportions of tliese lengths are as one 

 to three. The muzzle descends regularly from the parietal region, without 

 convexity or concavity of profile. The premaxillary border is not very 

 prominent. The interorbital region is moderately transversel}' convex, 

 and has a median longitudinal groove which continues to the saggital 

 crest. The postorbital processes are not very prominent, but appear 

 as angles, chiefly on account of the rather abrupt constriction of the 

 cranium behind them. This constriction is not so great as in Temnocijon 

 oryphaeus, and is more anterior in position, but is greater than in Vulpes 

 Julvus and cinereoargentatus, or Canis latrans or cancrivonis. The brain- 

 case is quite as large relatively as that of C. latrans. The temporal ridges 

 extend obliquely backwards and unite to form a sagittal crest above the 

 coronoid process of the mandible. This crest is a low ridge until it ap- 

 proaches the repressed inion, when it becomes more apparent. The occiput 

 IS low and broadly rounded, and its bounding crests not very prominent, 

 resembling a good deal in this respect the gray fox. The lateral crest is 

 -continuous and quite prominent over the meatus auditorius externus. On the 

 occiput the protuberance for the vermis cerehelli is well marked and short 

 and wide; it is much more prominent than in the red and gray foxes. The 

 paroccipital process is small and obtuse, and is directed backwards. It is 

 separated from the otic bulla by a considerable space. The posttympanic 

 process is a rounded tuberosity which does not descend on the bulla, but 

 is in contact with the inferior temporal crest, which is not so distinctly 

 angulate at that point as in most recent species of Canis. The postglenoid 

 crest is well marked, and is rather more extended transversely than in 

 recent Canes. There is no indication of preglenoid crest The bulla is 

 expanded, but not so much as in the other and cotemporary extinct species 

 •of the genus. In this respect the Galecymis gregarius nearly resembles the 



