PROSEVILE. 247 



are the external position of the lachrymal foramen and the unossified sym- 

 physis mandibuli. Among Lemuridce its dental formula agrees only with 

 the Indrisince, which have, like AnaptomorpJms, two premolars in each jaw. 

 But no known Lemuridce possess interior lobes and cusps of all the premo- 

 lars, so that in this respect, as in the number of its teeth, this genus resem- 

 bles the higher monkeys, the Shniidce and Hominidce* more than any exist- 

 ing number of the family. Of these two groups the resemblance is to the 

 Hominidce in the small size of the canine teeth. It has, however, a number 

 of resemblances to Tarsius, which is perhaps its nearest ally among the 

 lemurs, although that genus has three premolars. One of these points is 

 the anterior extension of the otic bullae, which is extensively overrun by 

 the external pterygoid ala. A consequence of this arrangement is the 

 external position of the foramen ovale, just as is seen in Tarsius. Another 

 point is the probably inferior position of the foramen ovale. Though this 

 part is broken away in the cranium of Anaptomorphus homuncidus, the pai-- 

 occipital process is preserved, and has the position seen in Tarsius, as dis- 

 tinguished from the Indrisince, Lemuridce, Galagince, etc. In this it also 

 resembles the true Quadrumana. 



When we remember that the lower Quadrumana, the Hapalidce, and the 

 Cebidce have three premolar teeth, the resemblance to the higher members 

 of that order is more evident. The brain and its hemispheres are not at 

 aU smaller than those of the Tarsius, or of the typical lemurs of the present 

 period. This is important in view of the very small brains of the flesh- 

 eating and angulate Mammalia of the Eocene period so far as yet known. 

 In conclusion, there is no doubt but that the genus Anaptomorphus is the 

 most simian lemur yet discovered, and probably represents the family from 

 which the true monkeys and men were derived. Its discovery is an im- 

 "portant addition to our knowledge of the phylogeny of man. 



I find on examination of the specimen on which Dr. Leidy based his 

 WashaMus insignis, which he kindly permitted me to make, that the corre- 

 sponding parts preserved, the last two inferior molars, do not differ from 



In an early description of Anaptomorphus, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, 1873, the types make me say 

 "this genus » » • might be referred decidedly to the Lemuridw, 'weie it not for the unossified 

 symphysis." It is scarcely necessary to state that Simiid<B should be read in place of Lemuridcr. 



