904 'I'HE JOHN DAY FAUNA. 



where it is large and obtuse, differing in this respect also from most 



recent dogs, and from the contemporary GaUaynus gregarius. In the sectorial 



tooth the principal cusp is much elevated above the anterior, while the 



inner median is small, with its apex in line with the anterior. The cutting 



edffe of the heel is not acute, and is a little external to the median Hne; 



there is a weak cingulum-like angle at its inner base. The first tubercular 



tooth is large, nearly equaling in anteroposterior diameter the base of the 



third premolar. It is parallelogrammic in transverse section, and supports 



two principal cusps and an anterior ledge. The cusps are pronounced, and 



stand exterior to the middle line; their inner side slopes to the base of the 



crown, where there is no cingulum. The ledge is higher on the inner than 



the external side. There are no basal cingula on either side of the bases 



of any of the teeth. The second tubercular molar is lost. 



The alveolar margin of the jaw rises behind the sectorial tooth, and the 



inferior margin begins to ascend below the middle of the same tooth more 



decidedly than in C. lupus, C. latrans, or A. cuspigerus. The two large mental 



foramina are situated, the one below the second, the other below the third 



premolars. 



Measurements. 



M. 



Lengtli of anterior six mol rs - ^'^ 



Length of anterior four molars "*•' 



Leu;;th of base of second premolar Oil 



Elev.itiou of crown of second premolar "H 



Li-ngili of base of fourtli premolar "1^ 



Klevat ion of crow n of fourth premolar f'1'1 



Length of base of sectorial tooth 0l8o 



Elevation of principal cusp of sectorial tooth OIGO 



Elevation of anterior cusp of sectorial tooth 009 



Length of heel of sectorial 007 



Elevation of heel of sectorial OOS.i 



Length of crown of first tubercular 0115 



Width of crown of first tubercular OOlio 



Dept h of ramus at Pm. ii 024 



Depth of ramus at sectorial 02-3 



Jhickness of ramus at sectorial 010 



The second ramus contains the alveolus of the second tubercular 

 -molar. 



The third specimen presents a mandibular dentition similar to that 

 above described. The superior canine is large, being longer and more 

 .acute than in the wolf. The first and second premolars are damaged; the 



