scientific research opportunities and generally will have special value as an 

 ecological, recreational, esthetic and educational resource. 



Article 4. Scope of Regulation 



Section 1. Activities Subject to Regulation . In order to protect the 

 distinctive values of the sanctuary, the following activities may be regulated 

 within the Sanctuary to the extent necessary to ensure the protection and pres- 

 ervation of its marine features and the ecological, recreational, and esthetic 

 value of the area: 



a. Collecting and damaging coral 



b. Tropical specimen collecting 



c. Vessel operations 



d. Spearfishing 



e. Wire fish trap fishing 



f. Lobster potting 



g. Bottom trawling and specimen dredging 



h. Discharging or depositing any substance or object 



i. Dredging or alteration of or construction on the seabed 



j. Removing or otherwise harming cultural or historic resources 



Section 2. Consistency with International Law . The regulations governing 

 the activities listed in Section 1 of this Article will apply to foreign flag 

 vessels and persons not citizens of the United States only to the extent 

 consistent with recognized principles of international law including treaties 

 and international agreements to which the United States is a party. 



Section 3. Emergency Regulations . Where essential to prevent immediate, 

 serious and irreversible damage to the ecosystem of the area, activities 

 other than those listed in Section 1 may be regulated within the limits of 

 the Act on an emergency basis for an interim period not to exceed 12(1 days, 

 during which an appropriate amendment of this Article would be proposed in 

 accordance with the procedures specified in Article 6. 



Article 5. Relation to Other Regulatory Programs 



Section 1. Fishing . The regulation of fishing is not authorized under 

 Article 4 except with respect to the removal or damage of coral (paragraph 

 (a)), the removal of tropical fish and invertebrates, (paragraph (b), and 

 the use of certain techniques including paragraphs #(d)-(g) . In addition, 

 fishing vessels may be regulated with respect to discharges (paragraph (h)) 

 and anchoring (paragraph (c)). All regulatory programs pertaining to fishing, 

 including particularly Fishery Management ^lans promulgated under the Fishery 

 Conservation and Management Act of 1976, 16 U.S.C 1801 et. seq . shall remain 

 in effect and all permits, licenses and other authorizations issued pursuant 

 thereto shall be valid within the Sanctuary unless authorizing any activity 

 prohibited by regulation implementing Article 4. 



Section 2. Defense Activities . The regulation of those activities listed 

 in Article 4 shall not prohibit any activity conducted by the Department of 

 Defense that is essential for national defense or because of emergency. Such 

 activities shall be conducted consistently with all regulations to the maximum 

 extent practicable. 



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