ACME. 309 



the River Avon at Bristol; Ballinahinch, Co. Galway 

 (J. G. J.) ; Killarney (Barlee). Var. 2. A single speci- 

 men among the refuse of the Avon at Bristol (J. G. J.) . 

 This species, as well as the reversed variety, has been 

 found in our upper tertiary beds at Copford. Gerstfeldt 

 has recorded it from Western Siberia, and Villa from 

 Normandy; but, although it occurs in intermediate 

 countries, I do not find any notice of it as Scandinavian. 

 It inhabits France, Germany, and Switzerland. 



A living specimen, which I observed in the North of 

 Ireland, did not seem to be shy or inactive while kept 

 in the shade ; but when it was exposed to the glare of 

 the sun^s rays, it immediately shut up and disappeared. 

 Dr. Gray says that "the animal walks with its shell 

 nearly perpendicular, twisting it round in a very odd 

 manner, and then letting it suddenly fall again." The 

 strise on the shell are very irregular in respect of num- 

 ber ; and in a specimen now before me they are entirely 

 wanting in some parts ; so that I should not be much 

 surprised if the A. fusca of Beck (which he separated 

 from our species on account of its wanting the striae) 

 should prove to be merely a smooth variety of the 

 present species. Brown has apparently described and 

 figured this variety, in his 'Illustrations of the Land 

 and Freshwater Conchology of Great Britain and Ire- 

 land' (p. 29, pi. iv. f. 16), under the name of A. minuta. 



The present species was first made known by Walker 

 {Test. min. rar. litt. Sandv. p. 12, f.42), and was described 

 by Montagu as Turbo fuscus, but subsequently to the 

 date and publication of Draparnaud's ' Tableau des Mol- 

 lusques.' Moquin-Tandon considered Walker's shell to 

 be distinct from that of Draparnaud, and has described 

 the former as quite smooth; but Jacob's diagnosis in 

 Walker's work distinctly mentions its being striated. 



