Conservation and management: 



all of the rules, regulations, conditions, 

 methods, and other measures (a) which are 

 required to rebuild, restore, or maintain, 

 and which are useful in rebuilding, restoring, 

 or maintaining any fishery resource and the 

 marine environment; and (b) which are designed 

 to assure that : 



(i) a supply of food and other products 

 may be taken and that recreational benefits 

 may be obtained on a continuing basis; 



(ii) a irreversible or long-term adverse 

 effects on fishery resources and the marine 

 environment are avoided; and 



(iii) there will be a multiplicity of 

 options available with respect to future uses 

 of these resources. (Fishery Conservation and 

 Management Act, 1976) 



Conservation principles: 



The privilege of utilizing a resource carries 

 with it the obligation to adhere to the follow- 

 ing four general principles: 



1. The ecosystem should be maintained in a 

 desirable state such that 



a) consumptive and non consumptive values 

 could be maximized on a continuing 

 basis , 



b) present and future options are ensured, 

 and 



c) risk of irreversible change or long-term 

 adverse effects as a result of use is 

 minimized . 



2. Management decisions should include a safety 

 factor to allow for the facts that knowledge 

 is limited and institutions are imperfect. 



3. Measures to conserve a wild living resource 

 should be formulated and apDlied so as fo 

 avoid wasteful use of other resources.. 



4. Survey or monitoring, analysis, and assess- 

 ment should precede planned use and accompany 

 actual use of wild living resources . The 

 results should be made available promptly 

 for critical public review. (Holt and Talbot 



1978, p. 14 - 15) 



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