238 BULLETIN- OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES 



Eurytetnora herdrnani Thompson and Scott 



This species is known only from the coasts of North America. It was originally 

 described from the lower reaches of the St. Lawrence River below Quebec (Thompson 

 and Scott, 1898), and has since been found in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (T. Scott, 1905 ; 

 Willey, 1919), on the Bering Sea shore of Alaska and Arctic shores of Canada (Willey, 

 1920), in the Gulf of Maine, at Woods Hole (Sharpe, 1911; Fish, 1925), and in Nar- 

 ragansett Bay (Williams, 1906 and 1907). 



In the Gulf of Maine it probably occurs in all harbors, having been taken at 

 Gloucester, Rockport, Kittery (Esterly, in Bigelow, 1914, p. 116), and at St. Andrews, 

 where Doctor McMurrich 32 found it regularly throughout June, July, August, 

 September, and October, occasionally in February, April, and May, but not at all 

 in November, December, or March. Willey (1919 and 1921) also records it from 

 one station in Passamaquoddy Bay in September, 1915, and again on November 

 2, 1916. Altogether we have eight records of this species in the open Gulf — off 

 Boston Harbor and off Boothbay Harbor on July 13 and 26, 1912 (stations 10006 and 

 10016); in the western and eastern basins on August 31 and September 1, 1915 

 (stations 10307 and 10309) ; off the Isles of Shoals on October 4, 1915 (station 10325) ; 

 western basin and southeast slope of Georges Bank on March 24 and April 16, 1920 

 (stations 20087 and 20109) ; and off Boston Harbor on December 29, 1920 (station 

 10488). Never more than a few specimens have been taken at any offshore station. 



Judging from these records, it seems that Eurytemora herdrnani is characteristic 

 of estuarine situations and perhaps also of brackish water all around the coast line of 

 the gulf, but that such specimens as drift offshore are equally able to survive in the 

 open sea, and so are as apt to be met with in one part of the gulf as another and even 

 out to the continental edge. But being so scarce everywhere in the gulf away from the 

 close vicinity of the coast, it is not likely that this species breeds successfully there 

 outside the outer headlands. McMurrich's observations point to the summer and 

 early autumn as its season of maximum abundance, and winter and early spring 

 as its minimum abundance in Gulf of Maine harbors and river mouths, but at Woods 

 Hole Fish (1925) found it regularly in winter as well as summer. 



Gaidlus tenuispinis Sars 



This is an Arctic and North Atlantic species recorded from many stations in the 

 polar basin (under the ice, Sars, 1900), from the seas between northern Norway and 

 Jan Mayen, Spitzbergen and Greenland; around Iceland; along east and west Green- 

 land and in Davis Strait; 33 and Esterly (1911) had one specimen in a vertical tow from 

 325 fathoms at San Diego, Calif. In the eastern side of the Atlantic it occurs south- 

 ward regularly to the Iceland-Faroe and Faroe-Shetland channels. There are a few 

 records from the Norwegian sea, from north and east of Scotland, and from deep 

 water southwest of Ireland (Murray and Hjort, 1912, p. 655). In the polar sea it has 

 been taken at the surface in latitude 85° N. (Sars, 1900). All other records of it have 

 been from considerable depths, varying from 100 to 1,000 meters. 



" In his unpublished plankton lists. 



»' For more detailed statements of its occurrence in northern seas see Sars (1900), Mrazek (1902), Damas and Koefoed (1907), 

 Farran (1910), and especially With (1915). 



