* 



6 O. S. U. Naturalist. [Nov. 



Smithsonian Institution. So far, all of the pottery and implements 

 of bone, stone, and shell that were buried in this mound, have been 

 duplicated in great numbers from the refuse heaps, burials, and ash 

 pits found in the village. The village entirely surrounds the mound, 

 but on the east it is more extensive and occupies upward of five 

 acres of ground. 



The work of examining the village site is very laborious. 

 Every portion or particle of the earth to a depth, on the average, of 

 two and one-half feet is carefully dug over with small hand trowels, 

 and every particle of bone, shell or stone is carefully removed and 

 examined. The contents of the ash pits are screened so that no 

 implements or ornaments may be lost. The whole village site is 

 platted, laid off in sections thirty-six feet square, which square is 

 again laid off into sections four feet square. In tliis way every 

 find is carefully located upon the map. This year the work was con- 

 ducted east and north-east of the mound. Here the post-molds of 

 their little tepees were found in abundance. Their fire-places usually 

 were placed just outside of the tepees, and their refuse pits near at 

 hand, and near by we found the burials. A series of photographs, 

 showing the manner of burial and tlie close proximity of the burials 

 to the ash pits and tepees, were carefully made. At one time seven 

 skeletons were exposed within an area of fifteen feet square. Within 

 this space two ash pits were found and one row of the post-molds, 

 showing the relation of the little home to the burial ground. The 

 manner of burial is shown by the photographs taken of the seven 

 skeletons exposed at one time, showing that they had no definite 

 manner of placing the bodies, as some were buried at right angles 

 to each other, some Avere placed at full length, and lying upon the 

 back, while others were placed upon the side; in still other cases the 

 body was evidently doubled up and then buried. A great number 

 of skeletons of babies were found in the asli pits, showing that the 

 already dug ashpit was the most convenient grave for the little one, 

 who was then covered with ashes, consequently the skeletons were 

 perfectly preserved. With a great number of the adult skeletons 

 were found implements of bone, such as awls, hoes, celts, arrow and 

 spear i)oints of stone, beads and ornaments of shell and bone; but 

 witii the skeletons of cliildren varying in age from four to twelve 

 years were found the greatest number of ornaments made of shell 

 and bone. In one instance a large gorget made from the marine 

 univalve Strombus gigas about two and one-half inches in diameter, 

 was found upon the skeleton of a child six years of age. In another 

 more than two hundred beads and ornaments of sliell and bone were 

 found upon the skeleton of a child not over seven years of age. In 

 another grave a child not over four years of nge had buried witli it, 

 what at one time was no doubt, a necklace made of elk teetli, per- 

 forated for attachment. In two instances the graves of children 



