Jennings . — Pedunculate Cirripedia of New Zealand. 291 



III. The New Zealand Species of Pollicipes. 



The species of this genus recorded for New Zealand are : — 



1. Pollicipes spinosus Quoy and Gaimard, 1834. 



1851. Darwin. "Monograph Cirripedia: Lepadidae," p. 324. 



1879. Hutton, " List of New Zealand Cirripedia" Trans. N.Z. Inst., 



vol. 11, p. 329. 

 1905. Gravel. " Cirrhipedes," p. 20. 



2. Pollicipes sertus Darwin, 1851. 



1905. Gravel, " Cirrhipedes," p. 22. 



3. Pollicipes darwini Hutton, 1878. 



1905. Gravel. " Cirrhipedes;'' p. 21. 



These three species belong entirely to New Zealand. Just as the bulk 

 of Lepas forms met with in New Zealand will come under the three species 

 alreadv treated, so the bulk of New Zealand Pollicipes will be referred to 

 these three ; and, with the present descriptions of them also, the classifica- 

 tion of the forms is a complicated puzzle. 



The distinct characters, taken from Darwin and Gravel, are : For P. 

 spinosus — (1) yellow membrane covering the valves ; (2) rostrum short, 

 wide, and. curled inwards ; (3) apex of carina not projecting, and terga not 

 rising much above the scuta : for P. sertus — (1) dark red-brown membrane ; 

 (2) rostrum longer and more projecting ; (3) apex of carina projecting, and 

 terga not rising much above the scuta. 



Then, according to Hutton's description, P. darwini is " easily dis- 

 tinguished from P. spinosus by the projection of the terga beyond the 

 scuta, and from P. sertus by the short rostrum and apex of carina not 

 projecting." 



The history of these species is briefly this : Darwin (1851) recognized 

 from New Zealand specimens P. sertus and P. spinosus. Hutton (1878), 

 when living in New Zealand, added P. darwini ; it appears in his list of 

 New Zealand Cirripedia. with a brief description of external characters, 

 not accompanied by drawings. Gravel (1905) described P. sertus and 

 P. spinosus, and includes P. darwini, but questions it, suggesting it to be 

 a variety of P. sertus : " Cette espece semble tres etroitement unie a P. spinosus 

 et surtout a P. sertus .... Nous avons rencontre un Pollicipes, re- 

 pondant a tons ces caracteres provenant de V ''Astrolabe ' et nous n'avons pu- 

 le distinguer de certaines formes de P. sertus. Pollicipes darwini ne serait-il 

 qu'une variete de forme de P. sertus ? ' (" Cirrhipedes," p. 21.) 



I have examined carefully hundreds of forms of these species. They 

 occur by the thousand in the dark crevices of rocks between high-tide and 

 half-tide mark. I have gathered them from Kaikoura, from Oamaru, and 

 from St. Clair, Dunedin, the last place being the locality from which Hutton 

 obtained his specimens. They are very common, but are easily overlooked, 

 since the black and white of the rocks exactly matches the black peduncle 

 and the white worn valves. No explanation has been offered of this as a 

 protective resemblance. I have also examined the specimens labelled by 

 Dr. Dendy, Canterbury College, as P. spinosus, and those labelled by Captain 

 Hutton as P. spinosus and as P. darwini '. 



The great majority have the valves much worn and variously worn. 

 These are the forms which have been classified as P. spinosus and P. darwini 



10* 



