354 Transactions. 



'No. 4. — In the ice angle of Park Rock, surrounded by ice excepting 

 to the northward, but distant 69 ft. on the east and 75 ft. south. In 1912 

 it was 80 ft. from the ice, and is now 189 ft. 



No. 5. — Thirteen feet above the ice, and 7 ft. from it at the inner edge 

 of Strauchon Rock. In 1912 it was 270 ft. from the ice, and now is 350 ft. 

 distant. 



No. 6. — On Barron Rock, od a sharp ridge 17 ft. from the ice, and about 

 10 ft. above it. In 1912 it was 260 ft. from the ice, and is now 320 ft. 

 away. 



No. 7. — At 9 ft. above the ice, and at 7 ft. from it in the eastern rock 

 border of the glacier. This peg stands on the top of a rock-face about 200 ft. 

 above the face of the glacier (aneroid measurement). The ice has receded 

 up the valley from this peg about 80 ft., whereas in 1912 it was only 45 ft. 

 back from it. 



These records show clearly that the glacier has retreated since 1909 

 an average of about 170 ft. across the face, and that there is a considerable 

 shrinkage in the volume of the ice. The result is the more marked since 

 the observation made by the Survey were at a time when the face showed 

 signs of an extraordinary advance. There are distinct signs that another 

 wave of movement will take place in a few years' time, for two miles up the 

 glacier, at Cape Defiance, it has risen 20 ft. during the past year. In order 

 to determine this movement more exactly, a mark has been placed by 

 Mr. Graham about 50 ft. above the ice ; this will enable future observers 

 to obtain reliable data for the movements. 



Marks are also being placed on the ice in order to determine the rate 

 of movement. Bell arrived at an average maximum movement near the 

 face of only 2 ft. per day. This was the result of observations extending 

 over a continuous period of 134 days. Recent observations made by 

 Graham on a boulder carried by the ice showed a rate of about 3 ft. 

 per day. 



Although no accurate observations have been made on the Fox Glacier, 

 which lies in a parallel valley about twenty miles to the south of the Franz 

 Josef, the conditions appear to be very much the same. There has been 

 a recent marked retreat of the terminal face, and farther up the glacier 

 there are signs of a pulse coming down similar to that in the Franz Josef 

 Valley. 



More accurate observations should be taken in order to determine the 

 period of these waves of high and low ice, and to see if they accord with periods 

 of change in the present climatic conditions of the country. 



