68 NEW GENERA AND SPECIES OP AUSTRALIAN FISHES, 



its length from four-sevenths to four-ninths of a diameter of the 

 eye ; base of the caudal tin scaly ; sixteen to eighteen strong- 

 keeled scales in advance of and eleven to thirteen behind the 

 origin of the ventral tin. Temporal region with three or four 

 well marked parallel striae; postfrontal area quadrangular, broad- 

 ening and converging posteriorly, and traversed by a few coarse 

 strife; opercle with a single strong stria anteriorly and sometimes 

 a few weaker ones along the lower border. 



Upper surface blue, the back with one, two, or three more or 

 less distinct golden, dark-edged bands, sides and lower surfaces 

 silvery ; cheeks and opercles with a golden tinge : dorsal and 

 caudal fins more or less tinged with yellow and with their extremi- 

 ties black; in the foniier the outer border is often deeply margined 

 with black, and the short anterior rays are densely dotted with 

 the same colour, while there is an inconspicuous, oblique, dusky 

 band along the middle of the fin : irides golden, clouded above ' 

 with blue. 



Castelnau's Herring, which is the Herring pai' excellence of the 

 Sydney tishermen, has been generally confounded by New South 

 Wales authorswith the hypselosoma of Dr. Bleeker,* but the difi'er- 

 ences pointed out below will at once ser^•e to distinguish it from that 

 species, and I am unable to find any other with which it agrees 

 more closely. In order to promote facility of comparison I have 

 placed the differences on which I base my conclusions in parallel 

 columns as below : — 



K. hypselosoma. K. castelnaui. 



Base of the anal fin as long Base of the anal fin much 



as that of the dorsal. shorter than that of the dorsal. 



Ventral fins inserted midway Ventral tins inserted much 



between the extremity of the nearer to the base of the caudal 



mandible and the base of the than to the extremity of the 



caudal. mandible. 



* In my Edible Fishes and Crustaceans of New South Wales, 1893, this 

 fish was inadvertently named sundaica, a species from which it is of course 

 entirely distinct. 



