The Ohio ^JS^aturalist, 



PUBLISHED BY 



The Biological Club of the Ohio Slate Uni'versity. 



Volume VI. JUNE. 1906. No. 8 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



ScHAFFNER— Terminology of Organs in Various Conditions of Development 541 



Jennings— Additions to the Flora of Cedar Point. 11 544 



Jackson— Key to the Families and Genera of the Order Thysanura 5J5 



HiNE — Notes on Some Ohio Mammals 550 



Young— Key to the Ohio Viburnums iu the Winter Condition 551 



Berger — A Simple Formula for Mixintj any Grade of Alcohol Desired 552 



HiNE— The Purple Galliuule in Ohio 553 



Griggs— A Diurnal Rotation in Leaves of Marsilea 554 



Metcai.f— Meeting of the Biological Club 656 



Index to Volumes IV. V and VI. 



TERMINOLOGY OF ORGANS IN VARIOUS CONDITIONS 



OF DEVELOPMENT. 



John H. Schaffner. 



In describing organs which are undeveloped, defective, or re- 

 duced, one is sometimes at a loss as to the proper term to be ap- 

 plied. The words available are used in various ways by different 

 authors. It becomes necessary, therefore, for each individual 

 to make some selection for himself in order to avoid general con- 

 fusion until a common agreement is reached either through gen- 

 eral consent or through some authoritative body. Without go- 

 ing into details on special cases, one may consider the following 

 types of organs representing various stages of individual develop- 

 ment or of evolutionary progress. 



1. Normal organs in the first stages of development in the 

 individual are "incipient" organs and the beginning of such an 

 organ is its "inception." The writer has proposed the term 

 "incept" as a suitable noun to be used in the same way as the 

 German " anlage. " Thus one may say that a bud is an incipient 

 flower, or the bud is the incept of the flower. An incipient organ 

 is one in the embryonic condition but not necessarily an organ 

 of the einbrvo. Primordium and rudiment have been used as 

 special nouns for incipient organs but rudimentary is a general 

 term and primordial from its paleontological flavor has rather a 

 phylogenetic meaning. 



Definition — Incipient organ, incept (Lat. inceptio,incipiens) — 

 An organ in its first stages of development in the life of the indi- 

 vidual; an organ in its embrvonic condition. 



2. Organs in the first stages of their evolution or such as 

 have become specialized or fixed in a certain stage of evolution, 

 while in related groups they have advanced to higher types, are 



