Dec, 1905.] Key to the Ohio Dogwoods. 419 



Fig. 1. — Small immature C. ohlongus in a moulting nest. 

 Notice lining of silk at X ; this was not sketched over the entire 

 inside of the nest as it would have obscured the fibres that sup- 

 port the animal. Hairs on ventral scutae are as in nature. 

 Note that one leg lacks a segment ; this is as in nature. Sketched 

 from living animal (torpid) in the nest. While drawing I noted 

 two droplets of liquid accumulate near a joint and spread over 

 the surface. 



KEY TO THE OHIO DOGWOODS IN THE WINTER CONDITION 



John H. Schaffner. 



Cornus L. Shrubs or trees with opposite, whorled, or some- 

 times alternate leaf scars; twigs green, red, brown, or grav, 

 glabrous or pubescent; terminal bud present with 2 acuminate 

 outer scales; axillary buds single, minute or well developed; leaf 

 scars narrow, u-shaped, visually connected by a line or ridge, the 

 uppermost notched; bundle scars 3, stipular scars none; pith 

 small, solid, cylindrical; fruiting peduncle self-pruned, producing 

 distinct terminal scars. 



1. Leaf scars opposite; shrubs or trees. 2. 



1. Leaf scars alternate; twigs green or yellowish -green, glabrous; inter- 



nodes very unequal, axillary buds usually minute; small trees or 



erect shrubs. C. altcrnifoba L. Blue Dogwood. 



L Low geophilous shrubs with small creeping rhizomes and herbaceous 



aerial stems, 4-12 in. high, with a whorl of leaves at the summit. 



C. canadensis L. Dwarf Dogwood. 



2. Axillary buds visually minute and undeveloped except at the base of 



the peduncle which is self-pruned ; twigs green or reddish-green, 

 glabroiis or nearly so; a small tree with rough, reticulate bark; 

 flowers in involucrate heads which are prominently developed in 

 winter. C. florida L. Flowering Dog\vood. 



2. Axillary buds normally well developed and prominent; typical 



shrubs, or if tree-like very pubescent; flowers cymose and not 

 involucrate. 3. 



3. Twigs green or greenish, glabrous or nearly so, warty dotted; a com- 



pact shrub with upright, grayish stem. 



C. circmata L'Her. Roundleaf Dogwood. 

 3. Twigs bright red or red-purple, glabrous or nearly so; a spreading 

 shrub rooting freely and multiplying by stolons; usuallv in wet 

 places. C. stolonifcr ilx. Red-osier Dogwood. 



3. Twigs pubescent, rarely glabrate when old, greenish or reddish brown 



or gray. 4. 



4. Twigs silky downy, usually ptirplish; fruit blue; a shrub with spread- 



ing branches growing in wet soil. 



C. amomnni Mill. Silky Dogwood. 

 4. Twigs very rough pubescent, brownish or reddish-brown; fruit white; 

 erect or tree-like shrubs in river bottoms and moist or dry soil. 



C. aspcrifolia Mx. Roughleaf Dogwood. 

 4. Twigs glabrate, with scattered hairs, gray, rather slender; fruit white; 

 a much branched shrub. 



C. candidissima Marsh. Panicled Dogwood. 



