2. Cinna latifoiia (Trev.) Griseb. Fig. 110. 



Rhizomatous perennial 7-20 dm. tall; sheaths glabrous to finely scabridulous; 

 ligules pubescent, 3-8 mm. long, erose and intact or usually more or less strongly 

 lacerate; blades flat, 7-15 mm. wide, the veins very unequal in size; panicle 

 15-30 cm. long, loose, the branches spreading to drooping; glumes slender, 

 acuminate, (2-) 3-4 mm. long, the second somewhat the longest, scabridulous- 

 puberulent on the keel and often over the back; lemma strongly compressed, 

 2-3.2 mm. long, puberulent over the back, awnless or awned, the subterminal 

 awn scarcely to 1 mm. long; palea almost as long as the lemma; rachilla bristlelike, 

 mostly about 0.6 mm. long; anthers about 1 mm. long; lodicules cuneate-obovate, 

 dentate, about 0.3 mm. long. 



In wet meadows, and wet soil along streams, and moist or wettish woods, in 

 N. M. (Bernalillo Co.); Nfld. and Lab. to Alas., s. to N. C, Tenn., N.M. and 

 Calif.; n. Euras. 



29. Alopecurus L. Foxtail 



Annuals or perennials; blades flat; panicles dense, straight, spikelike; zone of 

 abscission just below the glumes; spikelets falling as a unit, one-flowered, strongly 

 laterally compressed; glumes equal, united by the margins basally, keeled dorsally; 

 lemma about as long as glumes, the margins united to each other basally, bearing 

 an awn dorsally below the middle, this once-geniculate, the lower portion twisted; 

 palea absent. 



About 50 species in temperate Eurasia, North America and South America. 



1. Spikelets 5-6 mm. long; introduced species 1. A. myosuroides. 



1. Spikelets 2-4 mm. long; native species (2) 



2(1). Awns straight, included or only slightly longer than the glumes; perennial 

 2. A. aequalis. 



2. Awns geniculate, twisted below, much longer than the glumes (3) 



3(2). Perennial; anthers 1.5 mm. long 3. A. geniculatus. 



3. Annual; anthers about 0.5 mm. long 4. A. carolinianus. 



1. Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. 



Tufte-^ annual; culms 2-7 dm. long, 1.5-3 mm. thick, erect or the lower few 

 internores reclining; ligule a scale 2-4 mm. long; blades 5-30 cm. long, 3-7 mm. 

 broad, flat; spike 5-11 cm. long, 5-10 mm. thick; glumes 6-7 mm. long, the keel 

 merely scabrous, not ciliate except basally; awn of lemma 5-8 mm. long. 



Moist or wet meadows in e. Tex., occurring only as waif brought in with hay. 

 May; Euras., adv. and widespread in n.e. U. S.; also Wash, and Ore. 



Other European species are to be expected in our area as introductions, notably 

 A. pratensis L., the meadow foxtail, rather similar to A. myosuroides but perennial 

 and the keels of the glumes ciliate. 



2. Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. Short-awn foxtail. Fig. 111. 



Perennial; culms erect or somewhat decumbent below and rooting at the nodes, 

 glabrous, 2-6 dm. tall (or taller in some aquatic forms); sheaths glabrous, usually 

 somewhat inflated; ligules 3-5 mm. long; blades slightly scabrous, 1-4 mm. wide, 

 sometimes tufted at base; panicles more or less exserted, narrow-cylindric, 2-7 

 cm. long, 4-5 mm. wide; glumes 2-2.5 mm. long, ciliate on the keel, appressed- 

 pubescent on the sides, especially below; lemma glabrous, the awn attached at or 

 slightly below the middle, straight or slightly bent, included or exserted about 

 1 mm.; anthers about 1 mm. long. 



In mud and shallow water of ponds, sloughs, lakes and streams, swampy ground, 

 marshy areas, bogs, in N. M. (Lincoln, San Miguel, Taos, San Juan, Rio Arriba, 

 McKinley, Socorro and Grant cos.) and Ariz. (Coconino, Apache and Yavapai 



236 



