In wet places below or on face of cliffs, moist or wettish rocky hills, in Ariz. 

 (Cochise and Santa Cruz cos.); also Jal. 



3. Muhlenbergia filiformis (Thurb.) Rydb. Pull-up muhly. 



Perennial or sometimes apparently annual, with fibrous roots or decumbent 

 creeping bases; culms tufted, erect or somewhat spreading, glabrous, filiform, 

 usually 0.5-1.5 dm. or sometimes as much as 3 dm. tall; ligules thin, hyaline, 

 1-2 mm. long; blades flat, glabrous beneath, scabrous-pubescent on the upper 

 surface, 1-3 cm. long, 1 mm. wide; panicles numerous, narrow, interrupted, few- 

 flowered, usually less than 5 cm. long; glumes ovate, about equal in size, obtuse 

 or acutish, awnless, 1 mm. long; lemma lanceolate, acute, 2 mm. long, mucronate, 

 minutely pubescent, minutely scabrous at the tip, 1 mm. long, the callus glabrous. 



In wet meadows, springy or seepage areas, old lake beds and moist open woods, 

 in N. M. (Hitchcock) and Ariz. (Apache and Coconino cos.); S. D. and Kan. to 

 B. C, s. to N. M., Ariz, and Calif. 



4. Muhlenbergia utilis (Torr.) Hitchc. Aparejo muhly. 



Perennial from firm creeping rhizome; culms 1-3.5 dm. long; ligule a scale 

 0.5—1 mm. long; blades 15-35 mm. long, about 1 mm. broad and mostly involute, 

 the smaller blades 5-20 mm. long and closely involute and arcuate, 0.2-0.4 mm. 

 thick as rolled; glumes 0.6-1.5 mm. long; lemma 1.6-2 mm. long, scarcely 

 mucronate. 



Calcareous seasonally muddy soil along streams, marshy places and about 

 springs in the Tex. Edwards Plateau, N. M. (widespread in s. half) and Ariz. 

 (Santa Cruz Co.), locally abundant, usually fall-early winter, occasionally spring- 

 summer; also Calif, and Nev. 



5. Muhlenbergia Richardsonis (Trin.) Rydb. Mat muhly. 



Perennial from numerous hard creeping rhizomes; culms wiry, nodulose- 

 roughened, erect or decumbent at base, 1-6 dm. tall; ligule 2-3 mm. long; blades 

 usually involute, 1-5 cm. long or rarely longer; panicle narrow, interrupted or 

 sometimes rather close and spikelike, 2-10 cm. long; spikelets 2-3 mm. long, the 

 glumes about half as long, ovate; lemma lanceolate, acute, mucronate. 



In wet meadows, dry or wettish often alkaline soils and low open ground, 

 in Ariz. (Coconino Co.); N. B. to Alta., s. to S.D., N. M., Ariz., Calif, and 

 Baja Calif. 



6. Muhlenbergia asperifolia (Nees & Mey.) Parodi. Scratchgrass muhly. 



Perennial from elongate scaly rhizomes 1.5-2 mm. thick; aerial culms 1-6 dm. 

 long, about 1 mm. thick, mostly weak and reclining, ascending only at the flori- 

 ferous ends, sparsely branched; ligule a muticous scale about 0.5 mm. long, not 

 auricled; blades 2-7 (-14) cm. long, 1-3 mm. broad, flat or folded, mostly rapidly 

 ascending; panicle 5-18 cm. long, 4-15 cm. broad, ovoid, very open, diffuse, few- 

 flowered; glumes 0.6-1 (rarely to 1.5) mm. long, acute; lemma 1.2-1.5 mm. long, 

 dark, awnless; palea about equaling lemma. 



Moist alluvial soil near streams and ditches, occasional in marshy, wet, or 

 often alkaline soil, in water of cat-tail swamps and mud about pools and lakes, 

 in w. Okla. {Waterfall) and the Tex. Plains Country and Trans-Pecos, N. M. (San 

 Juan and Valencia cos.) and Ariz. (Apache to Coconino, s. to Pima cos.) 

 infrequent, late summer-fall; w. N. A. e. to 111., Okla. and Tex.; s. S. A. 



7. Muhlenbergia andina (Nutt.) Hitchc. Foxtail muhly. Fig. 116. 



Perennial from scaly white rhizomes 1-2 mm. thick; aerial culms 25-80 cm. 

 long, 1-1.5 mm. thick, erect, leafy, sparingly branched; ligule a scale about 1 mm. 

 long, laterally with very short auricular points; blades 5-18 cm. long, 1-3 mm. 

 broad (rarely to 5 mm.), flat; panicle 4-12 cm. long, 6-15 mm. thick, spikelike 



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