exserted from the spikelet: achene oblong, about 1 mm. long, in transection 

 flattened-trigonous (the abaxial angle blunt, the others sharp). S. atrovirens var. 

 georgianus (Harper) Fern. 



In bogs and wet mud along streams and about ponds and lakes, infrequent in 

 n.-cen. Tex., rare in e. Tex., spring; P.E.I, s. to Ga. and w. to Neb. and Tex. 



8. Scirpus lineatus Michx. Fig. 179. 



Culms strongly ascending, firm, remotely 5- to 10-leaved, with long internodes; 

 leaves 3-8 (-10) mm. wide, pale-green, firm; involucre and involucels pale-brown 

 at base; umbels terminal and sometimes axillary, loose. 5-20 cm. high, subsecund, 

 the terminal with a 1- to 3-leaved involucre much shorter than the long slender 

 nodding-tipped rays; spikelets oblong, becoming cylindrical, 5-10 mm. long. 2-3.5 

 mm. thick, the lateral ones of each group on smooth pedicels; scales pale-brown 

 to rufescent, ovate, sharply and slenderly green-keeled, the sharp tips ascend- 

 ing; achene obscurely 3-angled, narrowly ellipsoid to fusiform, long-beaked, papil- 

 late; bristles curling, mostly longer than achene. 



Meadows, swales, edge of water of lakes and ponds, and in low wettish thickets, 

 in Okla. (Murray, Love, Adair, Stephens, Choctaw, Johnston and Alfalfa cos.) 

 and Tex. (San Augustine Co.); Me. to la., s. to Va., Ala., Miss., Tex. and Okla. 



9. Scirpus fontinalis Harper. 



Resembling S. lineatus, tufted short-lived perennial; culms 9-12 dm. tall, ob- 

 tusely angled; leaves basal and cauline, the cauline 10 or less per culms; blades 

 to 5 dm. long. 8-12 mm. wide; sheath ventral surface purple spotted; inflorescence 

 decompound, the branches mostly ascending; bracts reduced or largest similar to 

 blades. 1 per branch, tubular-sheathing; spikelets solitary, ovoid to lanceolate, 

 4-8 mm. long, about 2 mm. broad, sessile or scaberulous-pedicellate; scales brown 

 or reddish, lustrous, green-keeled. 1.5-2 mm. long, acuminate to cuspidate; 

 achenes yellowish or brownish, smooth, trigonous or plano-convex, ellipsoid, 

 0.7-1 mm. long, stipitate; bristles numerous, reddish, crinkly, smoothish. shorter 

 than to slightly exceeding achene. 



Swamp forests, usually over marl. Coastal Plain, Va. to Fla., w. to Okla. 

 {Waterfall). 



10 Scirpus molestus M C. Johnst. 



Tufted annual; culms 5-16 cm. long, grayish-green, compressed. 0.2-0.25 mm. 

 thick, minutely striate, ascending, often somewhat flexuous or arcuate; sheaths 

 short, slightly loose, quite smooth at the hyaline apical-ventral orifice, grayish- 

 green, eventually turning brownish-stramineous, never red or purple; blades 2-3 

 cm. long, tightly involute, arcuate-setaceous, about as thick as the culms; bract 

 solitary, appearing as a continuation of (and as thick as) the culm, 5-10 (-23) 

 mm. long; inflorescence a glomcrule of 2 or 3 spikelets, less commonly a solitary 

 spikelet; spikelet 2-7 mm. long, ovoid to lance-ovoid, of (10 to) 20 to 30 flowers; 

 scales never purplish or reddish, promptly and serially deciduous after anthesis, 

 beginning at the bottom of the spikelet. the lowest scale larger than the rest; 

 the second or third scale from the bottom 1-1.3 mm. long, gibbous, strongly 

 arcuate-convex, broadly ovate, acute, the midnerve forming a broad grayish- 

 green keel and mucro, the sides translucent, thin-membranous, unpigmented, 

 cellular, with 1 or 2 acrodomc veins near the keel on each side; perianth bristles 

 absent; stamens 2; filaments about as long as the achenes; anthers minute; style 

 3-branched: achene globose-trigonous, basally rounded or minutely stipitate, 

 apically rounded or extremely minutely apiculate, 0.8-0.9 mm. long, the 3 angles 

 about equally prominent, the sides flat or slightly concave, surficially pinkish- 

 brownish with numerous vertical rows of very minute pits, this pattern and color 

 obscured by a more or less thick whitish-waxy coat. 



354 



