sessile or slightly peduncled, linear to oblong, 2.5-5 cm. long, 5-9 mm. wide, 

 sometimes staminate at the apex, densely 25- to 100-flowered, the perigynia 

 appressed-ascending; lowest bract leaflike, sheathless, usually exceeding the spike; 

 scales linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, reddish-black with narrow one-nerved 

 center, shorter than and about half as wide as the perigynia; perigynia much- 

 flattened, plano-convex, broadly ovate to broadly obovate, 3-3.5 mm. long, 2-2.3 

 mm. wide, granular-roughened, puncticulate, straw-colored, often strongly red- 

 dish-brown-tinged, slenderly few-nerved on both surfaces and with two marginal 

 ribs, round-tapering to truncate at the short-stipitate or sessile base, round-tapering 

 at the apex, the margins entire or minutely serrulate, abruptly apiculate, the 

 dark-tinged beak 0.25 mm. long, the orifice entire; achenes lenticular, broadly 

 obovoid, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, apiculate. 



Swampy habitats, in water of ponds and on wet cliffs in N.M. (Catron Co.) 

 and Ariz. (Apache, Coconino, Maricopa and Cochise cos.); also Calif. 



35. Carex aquatilis Wahl. 



Cespitose, often in large clumps, sending forth scaly horizontal rhizomes; culms 

 erect, slender, 1-10 dm. high, from obtusely triangular and smooth to sharply 

 triangular and smooth or scabrous above, usually exceeding the leaves, phyllopodic, 

 reddish-tinged at the base, the dried leaves of the previous year usually conspic- 

 uous; leaves 8 to 15 to a culm, on the lower third, often more or less septate-nodu- 

 lose (especially the sheaths), flat or channeled at the base, light-green or glaucous- 

 green, erect-ascending, long-tapering, 2.5-8 mm. wide; sheaths slightly hispidulous 

 or smooth dorsally, thin, reddish- or brownish-dotted and early ruptured ventrally, 

 the ligule longer than wide; staminate spikes 1 to 3, linear, the upper peduncled, 

 1.25 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, the others sessile or nearly so and shorter, some- 

 times pistillate at the base; pistillate spikes 2 to 6, the upper often staminate at the 

 apex, the lowest often strongly separate and occasionally on very long peduncles 

 arising from near the base of the plant, the upper more or less approximate, and 

 sessile to short-peduncled, erect, linear to oblong, 1-4 cm. long, 2.5-4 mm. wide, 

 densely 20- to 100-flowered or somewhat attenuate at the base, the perigynia 

 appressed-ascending; lowest bract leaflike, sheathless, normally exceeding the 

 culm, the upper reduced; scales ovate to oblong-ovate, 1-2 mm. wide, obtuse and 

 normally much narrower and shorter than the perigynia, blackish with lighter 

 midrib and very narrow hyaline margins, not puncticulate and not enveloping the 

 perigynia; perigynia unequally biconvex, strongly flattened, not at all turgid, oval 

 to obovate, 2.5-3 mm. long, 1.25-1.75 mm. wide, nerveless or obscurely few- 

 nerved except for the two marginal ribs, puncticulate, glandular-dotted, light- 

 green to straw-colored or brownish, rounded and substipitate at the base, rounded 

 at the apex and abruptly apiculate, the beak entire, 0.1-0.3 mm. long; achenes 

 lenticular, broadly obovoid, about 1.6 mm. long and 1.2 mm. wide, yellowish and 

 broadly substipitate, abruptly short-apiculate. 



In swamps, marshes, wet meadows, lake and pond shores and stream banks, 

 often in shallow water, in N.M. (Colfax and Taos cos.) and Ariz. (Apache Co.); 

 Greenl. to Alas., s. to Que., N.M., Ariz, and Calif.; Euras. 



36. Carex Kelloggii W. Boott. 



Cespitose, forming medium size to large clumps, the slender rootstocks short 

 to more or less elongate; culms 1-6 dm. high, erect, slender, usually shorter 

 than but sometimes exceeding the leaves, phyllopodic (sterile shoots aphyllopodic), 

 brownish and somewhat fibrillose at the base, the dried leaves of the previous year 

 conspicuous; leaves 5 to 10 to a culm, more or less clustered on the lower one- 

 third, erect, thin, flat above, channeled toward the base, 1.5-2.5 mm. wide, long- 

 attenuate; sheaths yellowish-brown-dotted ventrally, concave at the mouth, the 

 ligule longer than wide; terminal spike staminate, rarely somewhat pistillate, more 



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