ium, 1.7 mm. long, 1.3 mm. wide, apiculate, jointed with the style which entirely 

 withers after anthesis. 



Rare in moist sandy forests and bogs, e. Tex. (Freestone and Walker cos.), 

 Apr.-May; N.E., N.Y. and Pa. s. to N.C.; also Ind., Mich., Wise, 111., Minn, 

 and Tex. 



Our plants have longer, fewer perigynia than plants from most of the range 

 in northeastern United States and perhaps should be a different name. 



39. Carex Emoryi Dew. 



Perennial in large tufts and in tufts with extensively creeping scaly rhizomes 

 2-3 mm. thick; culms 4-10 dm. long, 2-3 mm. thick basally, remainder of 

 leaves mostly clustered basally; basal sheaths light chestnut to purplish; juncture 

 of sheath and blade flat or slightly arcuate; spikes 4 to 7 per culm, overlapping 

 or rarely slightly remote; uppermost spike nearly erect and usually entirely or 

 nearly entirely staminate, 2.5-7 cm. long, 2.5-4 mm. thick, brownish-stramineous; 

 lower spikes usually sessile, androgynous, slightly nodding (at maturity); lowest 

 spikes usually almost entirely pistillate. 3-10 cm. long, 3.5-5 mm. thick, with 

 65 to 165 overlapping ascending perigynia (borne in rows); bracts sheathless, 

 that of the lowest spike 1.5-4 mm. broad and (in length) often attaining the 

 uppermost spike, the higher bracts progressively drastically reduced; scales 

 brownish-hyaline, oblong, blunt, with paler broad midnerves, shorter than the 

 perigynia to which they are closely appressed; perigynia ovate to obovate, flat- 

 tened (biconvex), 2.3-3.3 mm. long, stramineous, with 2 strong (marginal) nerves 

 and a few vanishingly obscure ones, firm-membranous, basally rounded, shortly 

 tapered to an essentially beakless or minutely beaked apex, the orifice essentially 

 entire; stigmas 2; achene lenticular, only about half filling the perigynium, 1.5 mm. 

 long, 1 mm. wide, apiculate, jointed with the style which entirely withers after 

 anthesis. 



Frequent in calcareous mud, n.-cen. and Trans-Pecos Tex. and Edwards Plateau, 

 and N. M. (Mora Co.), Apr.-May; Man. and N.D. s. to Coah. and Tex., e. to 

 N.Y., N.J., D.C. and Va. 



Perhaps only a variety of C. stricta. 



40. Carex ultra Bailey. 



Densely cespitose from very stout rootstocks; culms stout, erect, much-exceed- 

 ing the leaves, 5-15 dm. high, 1.5 cm. thick at the base, smooth on the obtuse 

 angles below, serrulate on the sharp angles in the inflorescence, brownish-tinged 

 at the base; leaves 6 to 15 to a culm, not septate-nodulose, thick, glaucous, 6-12 

 mm. wide, channeled at the base, flat above with more or less revolute margins, 

 conspicuously striate-nerved, strongly rough-serrulate on the margins; lower sheaths 

 rough, scabrous and filamentose ventrally, concave at the mouth, the ligule longer 

 than wide; staminate spikes 2 to 4, approximate or more or less separate, 3-12 

 cm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, the lateral sessile or short-peduncled; pistillate spikes 3 

 to 6, sometimes staminate at the apex, the upper sessile and overlapping, the lower 

 more or less strongly peduncled and separate, erect, elongate, linear-cylindric, 

 2.5-15 cm. long, 6-12 mm. wide, containing very numerous appressed-ascending 

 perigynia; bracts leaflike, the lower short-sheathing and sometimes exceeding the 

 inflorescence, the upper shorter; scales lanceolate, acute to acuminate or taper- 

 ing into a short rough awn, reddish-brown, the center several-nerved and green 

 or straw-colored, half as wide as the perigynia; perigynia compressed-trigonous, 

 broadly obovoid, 3.5-4.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, little-inflated, subcoriaceous, 

 glabrous, light-brown, red-striolate at maturity, obscurely several-nerved on both 

 surfaces, rounded at the base and apex, abruptly short-beaked, the beak 0.3 mm. 

 long, the apex emarginate; achenes trigonous with blunt angles, elliptic-obovoid, 



522 



