obovoid, about 1.25 mm. long and 0.75 mm. wide, trigonous, granular, light- 

 yellowish-brown, substipitate, apiculate. 



In seepage, edge of water in streams and ponds, in N. M. (Taos Co.) and Ariz. 

 (Coconino Co.) ; Alta. to Wash., s. to Ariz., N.M. and Calif. 



65. Carex nova Bailey. 



Cespitose from short-creeping rootstock; culms stiffly erect, 1.5-6 dm. high, 

 exceeding the leaves, strongly red-tinged at the base, the dried leaves of the 

 previous year conspicuous; leaves 8 to 15 to a culm,, mostly bunched near the 

 base, firm, erect, flat with slightly revolute margins 2.5-5 mm. wide, roughened 

 at the attenuate apex, the ligule as long as wide; spikes 3 or 4, the lateral 

 pistillate, the terminal gynecandrous, sessile, very closely aggregated into a dense, 

 terminal head 8-18 mm. long and about as wide, the spikes suborbicular, 7-12 

 mm. long, 6-10 mm. wide, very closely flowered, the perigynia spreading- 

 ascending, at length squarrose; an empty bract 2-30 mm. below the head, little- 

 sheathing, from shorter than to exceeding the head, other bracts obsolete; scales 

 lanceolate to obovate, rather obtuse or acute to short-cuspidate, dark-reddish-black 

 with very narrow hyaline margins above, the midrib almost obsolete, shorter and 

 narrower than the perigynia; perigynia strongly flattened but conspicuously dis- 

 tended by the ripening achene, ovate-suborbicular to obovoid, 3-4 mm. long, 

 2-3.5 mm. wide, nerveless except for the two marginal ribs, membranaceous, 

 granular, remotely and sparingly ciliate-scabrous, reddish-black with green margins 

 and straw-colored base, rounded at the base and substipitate, rounded at the apex 

 and abruptly short-beaked; beak apiculate, 0.5-1 mm. long, reddish-black, sharply 

 bidentate; achenes trigonous, narrowly obovoid, about 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, 

 yellowish-brown, granular, short-stipitate and abruptly apiculate. 



In wet mt. meadows, upland marshes and on stream banks, in N.M. (Taos Co.); 

 Mont, and Ore. to N.M. and Nev. 



66. Carex Shortiana Dewey 



Cespitose, the stout culms 4-8 dm. tall, usually shorter than the leaves; prin- 

 cipal blades 4-8 mm. wide; spikes 4 to 6, cylindric, erect, 1.5-4 cm. long, 

 4-6 mm. thick, the terminal pistillate above, staminate below, the lateral pis- 

 tillate, the lowest on long slender peduncles, the others on progressively shorter 

 peduncles to nearly sessile; bracts leaflike, sheathless or nearly so; pistillate 

 scales ovate, nearly or quite as long as the perigynia, reddish-brown, acute or 

 rounded and mucronate; perigynia flattened-triangular, broadly obovate, 1.8-2.6 

 mm. long, nearly as wide, cuneate to the base, transversely rugose, conspicuously 

 2-ribbed at the lateral angles, otherwise nerveless, minutely apiculate; achene 

 trigonous-ellipsoid, minutely papillate, 1.8 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. 



Wet woods and wet meadows, in Okla. {Waterfall); Pa. to Ind., la., and Kan. 

 s. to Tenn. and Okla. 



67. Carex Joorii Bailey. Fig. 276. 



Loosely tufted glabrous perennial with short blackish scaly rhizomes 3-8 mm. 

 thick; culms 6-10 dm. long, erect; blades 4-8 mm. broad at the broadest point; 

 spikes (5 or) 6 (rarely up to 8); the upper 1 (or 2) spikes staminate and erect, 

 the lower ones pistillate (or the 2nd and 3rd from the top androgynous with a 

 very short staminate portion) and downward progressively longer-peduncled and 

 more nodding (at maturity!); terminal staminate spike 3-6 cm. long, 4-6 mm. 

 thick, with mucronate scales 5-6 mm. long; lowest pistillate spike 25-40 mm. long, 

 6-9 mm. thick, with 25 to 60 close spreading perigynia and obovate or ovate 

 strongly cuspidate hyaline scales about as long as the perigynia; lowest bract 

 sheathless, the blade 2-4 mm. broad, often surpassing the staminate spike, the 

 bracts of the higher spikes progressively very strongly reduced; perigynia rhom- 



541 



