e. temp. N.A., w. to Minn., la., Mo., Okla., Tex., N.M. and Ariz.; Euras.; also 

 reputedly in Mex., S.A. and N. Afr. 



14. Juncus dichotomus Ell. Fig. 316. 



Tufted perennial much like /. interior but the panicles more diffuse (3-) 5-10 

 cm. long. 



In seepage areas, edge of water about lakes, ponds and streams, and wet low- 

 land forests, in Okla. (McCurtain Co.), e. (and probably s.e.) Tex. and (?) N.M. 

 (San Miguel and Grant cos.), infrequent to rare, apparently grading into /. interior, 

 with which it is probably conspecific, spring; Coastal States, Mass. to Okla. and 

 Tex.; also reputedly N.M. and Mex. 



15. Juncus Dudleyi Wieg. 



Tufted perennial much like /. interior but the auricles averaging even firmer; 

 panicle very compact, 1-2 (-3) cm. long, 7- to 25-flowered; flowers approximate 

 in 1 to 3 glomerules but not true heads; sepals 4-5.5 mm. long, very firm to carti- 

 laginous; capsule distinctly shorter than the perianth. /. tenuis var. Dudleyi (Wieg.) 

 Herm. 



Moist calcareous soil, in swamps, borders of streams, lakes and ponds, marshes, 

 wet meadows, seepage areas, in Okla. (Murray, Ottawa, Mayes, Cherokee and 

 Adair cos.), n.-cen. Tex., w. part of e. Tex. and Edwards Plateau, N.M. (Union, 

 Taos, Lincoln, Otero, San Miguel, Santa Fe, Socorro and McKinley cos.) and 

 Ariz. (Santa Cruz, Coconino, Yavapai, Maricopa, Pinal and Cochise cos.), rare or 

 scattered, spring-summer; s. Can. s. to Va., Tenn., N.M., Ariz, and Calif.; also 

 n. Mex. 



16. Juncus interior Wieg. 



Tufted perennial 3-8 dm. tall; culms erect, simple, 1.3-2.5 mm. thick (rarely 

 more slender), tough, wiry; leaf blades flat and 1-1.5 mm. broad or usually some- 

 what involute marginally (making them narrower and more wiry) and prolonged 

 to a sharp involute tip, usually about Vi as long as the culms; auricles of sheaths 

 firm-membranous, not scarious, whitish to yellowish, rounded, not at all prolonged; 

 panicle 1-4 (-6) cm. long, (3 to) 10 to 25 (to 50) -flowered, more densely flowered 

 than in /. tenuis, with branches 0.3-0.5 mm. thick, wiry and ascending; bracts 

 slender, wiry, rather stiffly erect, equaling (or the lowest usually much-exceeding) 

 the panicle, involute-tipped; bracteoles 3 beneath each flower (the lowest opposite 

 the flower at the floriferous node); flowers solitary; sepals 3-5 mm. long, stra- 

 mineous, long-tapered to the sharp point, firm, stiffly ascending (even at the tip and 

 even in fruit); stamens 6; capsule narrowly oblong-ovoid, about equaling the 

 perianth. Incl. var. arizonicus (Wieg.) Herm. and var. neomexicanus (Wieg.) 

 Herm., /. arizonicus Wieg. and var. curtiflorus Wieg., J. neomexicanus Wieg. 



Moist usually calcareous soil, marshes, wet meadows, in water of ditches, pools 

 and depression in savannahs, and seepage areas, in Okla. (Grady, McCurtain, 

 Haskell, Comanche and Alfalfa cos.), n.-cen. and s.e. Tex., w. portion of e. Tex. 

 and coastal part of Rio Grande Plains, w. through Edwards Plateau, Plains 

 Country and the Trans-Pecos, N. M. (Sierra, Colfax, Sandoval, Rio Arriba, Lin- 

 coln, Grant and Socorro cos.) and Ariz. (Coconino, Navajo and Pima cos.), rather 

 frequent, spring-summer; O. and Mich., s.w. to Tex. and w. to Mont., Colo, and 

 Ariz.; n. Mex. 



Some specimens seem intermediate between this species and /. Dudleyi, and 

 others between it and /. dichotomus, of which /. interior is perhaps only a variety. 



17. Juncus repens Michx. Fig. 317. 



Perennial but vegetative culms largely annual, weak, compressed, at first ascend- 

 ing but then arcuate-stoloniferous and creeping or floating, or growing along the 



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