below, without or with only a small darkened spot outside at base; capsule lance- 

 conic, 13-22 mm. long, 4-6 mm. in diameter, about twice as long as the persistent 

 perianth; seeds 5-6 mm. long. 



On wet ledges and seepage in canyons of Guadalupe Mts. in the Trans-Pecos 

 of Tex. and in N. M. (Taos Co.), June- Sept.; from Alas, to Ariz., Tex. and 

 N. M., e. to Man., Minn., la. and Mo. 



2. Zigadenus glaberrimus Michx. 



Rhizome subligneous, blackish, horizontal, elongate; stem slender, to 12 dm. 

 high, leafy; basal leaves elongate, linear, attenuate, firm, to 4 dm. long and 15 

 mm. wide; panicle loosely pyramidal, to 3 dm. long; bracts ovate, acuminate, 

 about 5 mm. long; pedicels 5-10 mm. long; flowers perfect; perianth segments 

 1-1.5 cm. long, white, lanceolate or lance-ovate, acute to acuminate, with 2 

 distinct glands just above the short but definite claw; filaments widened at base; 

 capsule lance-conic, about 1 cm. long, barely equaling the connivent persistent 

 perianth. 



Savannahs, bogs and wet pinelands, June-Sept.; from Fla. to Tex. (?), n. to s.e. 

 Va. 



This species is included here based solely upon a report of its occurrence in the 

 state. It should occur in southeast Texas. 



3. Zigadenus virescens (H.B.K.) Macbr. 



Plant ascending from a slender bulb; leaves in a basal tuft, grasslike, to about 

 2 dm. long and 1 cm. wide; scape and inflorescence scarcely exceeding the leaves, 

 paniculate, the branches widely spreading; floral bracts 8-12 mm. long, scarious; 

 pedicels as much as 2 cm. long or more, slender, divergent, often decurved; 

 perianth segments whitish, sometimes tinged greenish, purplish or yellowish, 

 elliptic, obtuse, 5-6 mm. long, somewhat cuneate at base, the gland obcordate with 

 a sharply defined upper margin; stamens about 7 mm. long, moderately exserted, 

 the filaments widened at base; ovary partly inferior. Z. porrifolius Greene. 



On wet ledges and in rich moist woods in N. M. (Catron and San Juan cos.) 

 and Ariz. (Apache and Cochise cos.), May-Sept.; N. M. and Ariz. s. to C. A. 



4. Zigadenus leimanthoides Gray. 



Outer bulb coats fibrous; stem slender, erect, to about 15 dm. high; leaves 

 elongate-linear, mostly crowded near the base, to 5 dm. long and 1 cm. wide; 

 flowers crowded in panicled racemes (central axis to 3 dm. long); lower and 

 I middle bracts of panicle herbaceous; pedicels to 12 mm. long; perianth segments 

 creamy or yellow to somewhat greenish-white, ovate-elliptic, 3-4 mm. long, each 

 with a deeper yellowish spot on the contracted base; filaments subulate, slightly 

 exceeding the perianth; capsules slender-conic, about 1 cm. long, with pedicels to 

 15 mm. long. 



Sandy pinelands and bogs of the Coastal Plain and Piedmont, very rare in n.e. 

 Tex., May-Aug.; Ga. to Tex., n. to N. J. and L. I. 



5. Zigadenus densus (Desr.) Fern. Black snakeroot, crov^-poison. Fig. 335. 

 The barely thickened bulbs with smooth coats; stem slender, erect, to 15 dm. 



high, remotely bracted; leaves narrowly linear, mostly near the base, to 5 dm. 

 long and 7 mm. wide; raceme simple (rarely branching below), densely sub- 

 jcylindric, to about 2 dm. long and 3-5 cm. thick; bracts small, firm, brownish, 

 'persistent; perianth creamy-white to pink, nearly or wholly free; perianth segments 

 4-5 mm. long, elliptic-obovate, obtuse, each usually with a very small obscure 

 gland at base; capsules slenderly conical, with pedicels 1-2 cm. long. 



Damp pinelands and bogs in e. Tex., Apr.-June; from Fla. to Tex., n. to s.e. 

 Va., N.C. and Tenn. 



The bulb of this plant is very poisonous. 



653 



