capsule narrowly obovoid, 1-9 mm. long; seeds about 1 mm. in diameter, black, 

 opaque or slightly lustrous, covered with short rounded approximate pebbling. 

 H. humilis Tharp. 



Low pine barrens, sandy soil in prairies and on edge of bogs in s.e. Tex., Apr.- 

 July; from Fla. to Tex., n. to N.C. 



3. Cooperia Herb. Rain-lily 



About 6 or 7 species, one in South America, the others from northern Mexico, 

 through Texas to Kansas, west to New Mexico and east to southwestern Louisiana. 



1. Cooperia Drummondii Herb. Cebolleta. Fig. 342. 



Quite variable; bulb large, subglobose, 2x3 cm., the neck 2-9 cm. long, the 

 tunics black; leaves 2 to 5, narrow-linear, gray-green, tending to be glaucous, 

 erect or declinate, 3 dm. long; scape 10-33 cm. high; spathe about 4 cm. long, 

 slit or looped at the tip, with its tube about 11 cm long and greenish, often fading 

 red; stipe none; flowers most frequently in the fall, sometimes in the summer, less 

 frequently in the spring, white, the very slender tube 8-18 cm. long; perianth 

 limb opening flat, white, pink-tinted on the outer surface; calyx lobes ovate to 

 lanceolate, 24 mm. long, 13 mm. wide, with blunt tips, the corolla lobes just 

 slightly smaller; flower expanding in the evening, sometimes lasting up to 4 days 

 before it withers; anthers erect, creamy-yellow, 9 mm. long, attached one-third of 

 length from base, filaments 4-8 mm. long; style white, sometimes shorter than the 

 tube, sometimes exceeding the stamens; capsule trilocular; seeds flat, black 

 D-shaped. Zephyranthes Herbertiana D. Dietr., Z. brazosensis (Herb.) Traub. 

 The most widely distributed Cooperia known, with its greatest frequency in Tex., 

 but occurring from n. Mex. to Kan., N.M. and La., in low wet areas, swales and 

 depressions, sometimes on saline flats, May-Sept. 



4. Zephyranthes Herb. Rain-lily. Zephyr-lily 



Bulb globose or subglobose, tunicated, usually dark-brown; leaves linear, grass- 

 like, with margins essentially parallel; scape hollow, slender, single-flowered, from 

 a tubular spathe that is sometimes fenestrate but usually is 2-notched at apex; 

 flower regular, erect to suberect, funnelform with short to long tube, the limb 

 segments about equal; anthers erect to suberect, becoming versatile after anthesis, 

 orange, affixed below the middle; stigma trifid, the lobes filiform to globose; cap- 

 sule tricolor, rarely 4-celled; seeds few or many per cell, black, flat, D-shaped. 



About 50 species in the warmer parts of the Western Hemisphere. The South 

 American Z. Candida Herb, escapes from cultivation and tends to become natu- 

 ralized in southeast Texas (Liberty, Orange and Jefferson cos.). It has white flowers 

 that are usually tinged rose on the outside, and leaves that are slightly thickened 

 or raised on the edges. 



1. Flowers bright (buttercup) -yellow, unscented; perianth tube 5 mm. long; 



stigma capitate and distinctly 3-lobed 1. Z. pulchella. 



1. Flowers a lighter yellow, with decided fragrance; perianth tube 15-24 mm. 



long; stigma shortly 3- lobed 2. Z. refugiensis. 



1. Zephyranthes pulchella J. G. Sm. Fig. 341. 



Bulbs globose, 1-2 cm. in diameter; leaves 3 or 4, appearing with flower, 

 usually 2 dm. long or less but occasionally to 3 dm. long, to 3.5 mm. wide; flowers 

 yellow, usually appearing after heavy rains, unscented; perianth erect, 2 cm. long; 

 tube 5 mm. long; stamens inserted at the throat, about 1 cm. long; suberect anthers 

 curved; filaments diverse at anthesis; style equal to the stamens; stigma capitate, 

 3-lobed. Atamosco pulchella (J. G. Sm.) Greene, Z. chrysantha Greenm. & 

 Thomps. 



669 



