the hairs beneath conspicuously whitish; peduncles axillary, one-flowered, shorter 

 than the pedicels; involucre of numerous linear free bractlets that are much shorter 

 than the calyces, densely tomentulose, lacking long simple bristly hairs on the mar- 

 gins; calyx 2-2.5 cm. long, the ovate lobes longer than the tube, densely stellate- 

 tomentulose externally; petals 7-8 cm. long, white with a purple blotch at the base; 

 capsule short-beaked, 2-2.3 cm. long, densely and minutely stellate-tomentose 

 when young, finally glabrescent although with some persistent hairs along the mar- 

 gins of the valves; seeds glabrous. 



In sandy wet soils in s.e. Tex., May-July; also La. and Miss. 



5. Modiola Moench 

 A monotypic genus. 



1. Modiola caroliniana (L.) G. Don. 



Low creeping diffuse chiefly perennial herb, hirsute with simple or geminate 

 hairs, to 6 dm. long or more; leaves with petioles to 3 cm. long, rounded, palmately 

 3- or 5-lobed and incised, to 6 cm. long and 4 cm. wide; peduncles commonly fili- 

 form and equaling or surpassing the petiole; flowers small, solitary on axillary 

 peduncles, subtended by a persistent involucel of 3 foliaceous bractlets; petals 

 small, salmon-color to purpish-red, obovate, 4-6 mm. long, little-surpassing the 

 calyx; stamens 10 to 20; stigmas capitate; fruit depressed, composed of 15 to 30 

 thin-coriaceous carpels; carpels reniform, much-compressed, more or less hirsute, 

 with a dorsal bipartite cusp and hispid at summit, eventually falling free from the 

 axis and tardily bivalved at the top, eventually becoming somewhat glabrate. 



In water and mud on edge of lakes and in salt marshes, lawns and similar places, 

 s.e. Okla. and mostly in s. Tex., Mar.-June; from Fla. to Tex., n. to Va. and s. 

 to Arg. 



6. Sida L. 



Plants mostly perennial, herbaceous or suffrutescent, more or less pubescent with 

 forked stellate or scalelike hairs; flowers axillary, solitary or in small cymules, these 

 sometimes assembled in terminal leafy panicles; involucel usually none; carpels 

 indehiscent or dehiscent only part way from the apex, more or less rugose and 

 often reticulate on the sides. 



More than 200 species, mostly in warmer regions of the world, especially in 

 Latin America. 



1, Involucel of 1 to 3 subulate bractlets; leaves suborbicular to flabelliform, 

 wider than long, densely stellate-canescent 1. S. hederacea. 



1. Involucel none; leaves oblong to oblanceolate, longer than wide, at most 

 puberulent 2. S. rhombifolia. 



1. Sida hederacea (Dougl. ex. Hook.) Gray. Dollar weed, alkali mallow. 



Plant with decumbent stems and branches to about 3 dm. long, scurfy-canescent 

 with stellate hairs; leaves with petioles about one half as long as blades, obliquely 

 subreniform or triangular-ovate, more or less cordate at base, broadly rounded to 

 bluntly obtuse at apex, to about 4 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, the margins variably 

 and irregularly crenate to acute-serrate; flowers axillary, with pedicels usually 

 slightly longer than the petioles; calyx 4-8 mm. long, the lobes ovate to triangular- 

 lanceolate and short-acuminate; petals whitish to cream-color or pale-brownish- 

 yellow, rose-color in drying, to about 15 mm. long; carpels 6 to 10, acutish, tomen- 

 tulose to glabrate, splitting into 2 valves. S. leprosa var, hederacea (Dougl. ex 

 Hook.) K. Schum. 



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