2. Fraxinus pensylvanica Marsh. Red ash. 



Tree to 20 m. high, with a trunk rarely to 5 dm. in diameter; branchlets and 

 petioles densely pubescent to glabrous; leaflets 5 to 9. with petiolules to about 1 

 cm. long, ovate to elliptic-oblong or lanceolate, to 15 cm. long, broadly cuneate 

 to somewhat rounded at base, acute to acuminate at apex, the margins entire to 

 serrate, bright-green above, pubescent to glabrous or pubescent only along midrib 

 beneath: panicle rather compact, tomentose to glabrous; anthers linear-oblong, on 

 short filaments; samaras 3-7.5 cm. long, brownish; fruit body slender, terete, to 

 3 cm. long; wing lanceolate to oblong-obovate, rounded to acuminate or rarely 

 emarginate at apex, decurrent to about or below the middle or very rarely nearly 

 to the base. 



Along rivers and streams, in alluvial woods and swamps, and in depressions in 

 savannahs, in Tex. mainly e. of a line drawn from Victoria Co. on the coast to 

 Hemphill Co. on the Rolling Plains in the Panhandle, and Okla. (Craig and Alfalfa 

 COS.), Feb.-Apr.; from N.S. to Man., s. to Ga., Ala. and Tex. 



Our plant is usually referred to var. subintegerrima (Vahl) Fern. [var. lanceo- 

 lata (Buckl.) Sarg.] which is essentially glabrous throughout. 



3. Fraxinus americana L. White ash, fresno. 



Tall tree to 40 m. high; young branchlets dark-green or brownish, glabrous and 

 lustrous; leaflets 5 to 9, usually 7, with slender petiolules to 15 mm. long, ovate to 

 ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, to 15 cm. long, cuneate to rounded at the 

 base, mostly acuminate but sometimes blunt at apex, usually entire or only slightly 

 undulate or dentate toward the apex, dark-green above, glaucous beneath and 

 usually glabrous; anthers linear to oblong, apiculate; samaras 3-5 cm. long, the 

 terete fruit body to 15 mm. long; wing narrowly oblong to spatulate, not decurrent, 

 4-7 mm. broad, emarginate or obtuse at apex. 



Along streams and in damp or wet forests in the e. third of Tex. and in Okla. 

 {Waterfall), Feb.-Mar.; from N.S. to Minn., s. to Fla. and Tex. 



4. Fraxinus Berlandieriana A. DC. Mexican ash, fresno. 



Small tree to about 10 m. high; leaves petiolate, grayish-green to bright-green; 

 leaflets 3 to 5, with petiolules to 12 mm. long, lanceolate to elliptic or obovate, 

 typically narrow, to 12 cm. long, narrowly to broadly cuneate at base, subobtuse 

 to acuminate at apex, nearly entire to coarsely serrate, pale and glabrous or hairy 

 in the axils of the veins beneath; samaras 25-35 mm. long, oblong-obovate to spatu- 

 late; wing decurrent to or near the base of fruit body, occasionally 3-winged. 



Mostly along wooded streams and in canyons in Tex. in the Edwards Plateau and 

 on the Rio Grande Plains and Valley, s. to Cameron Co., Mar.-Aug.; also in adj. 

 Mex. 



5. Fraxinus velutina Torr. Velvet ash. Arizona ash, desert ash, fresno. 

 Small to medium-sized tree to 12 m. high and 3 dm. in trunk diameter, with 



spreading branches to form a rounded crown; bark deeply furrowed into ridges, 

 gray, the light-brown wood soft and heavy; branchlets velvety-tomentose to gla- 

 brescent; twigs brown, glabrous to pubescent; leaves petioled, pinnately compound, 

 7.5-15 cm. long; leaflets 3 to 9, usually 5, short-petiolulate to subsessile, varying 

 greatly in appearance, elliptic to lanceolate or ovate, obtuse to long-pointed at 

 apex, 25-75 mm. long, essentially entire to somewhat dentate on upper margins, 

 varying from thin to thick and leathery and from glabrous to densely short- 

 pubescent beneath; flowers small, yellow (staminate) and green (pistillate), appear- 

 ing before the leaves, many in clusters; samaras numerous in dense clusters, 2-3.5 

 cm. long; wing oblong-obovate to elliptic or spatulate, shorter than the terete fruit 

 body and decurrent scarcely to the middle. 3-4 mm. wide. Incl. f. Toumeyi Britt. 

 and var. Toumeyi (Britt.) Rehd., F. Standleyi Rehd. 



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