or fleshy schizocarp, with a thin and dry or fleshy exocarp and more or less hard 

 endocarp, 2- to 4-celled and indehiscent when ripe or dehiscent into 2 (or rarely 

 4 to 10) 1- or 2-cclled pyrenes; seeds plainly testate; embryo not viviparous. 



About 3,375 species and subspecific taxa in 76 genera, very widely distributed 

 almost throughout the world except in the Arctic and Antarctic. 



1. Inflorescence determinate and centrifugal, cymose 1. Callicarpa 



1. Inflorescence indeterminate and centripetal, racemose (2) 



2(1). Fruit composed of four 1 -seeded pyrenes, schizocarpous 2. Verbena 



2. Fruit not composed of four 1 -seeded pyrenes (3) 



3(2). Fruit usually with a fleshy exocarp (rarely dry); calyx truncate or obscurely 

 toothed or lobed 3. Lantana 



3. Fruit with a thin dry exocarp; calyx deeply 2- to 5-toothed or -lobed (4) 



4(3). Erect shrub; spikes not usually elongating in fruit; bractlets ovate, often 

 more or less 4-ranked 4. Lippia 



4. Herbs mostly with trailing or ascending stems, sometimes somewhat woody; 



spikes elongating in fruit; bractlets cuneate-obovate to flabelliform, 

 not 4-ranked 5. Phyla 



1. Callicarpa L. Beautyberry 



A complex genus of 147 species, 54 named forms and varieties, and 1 known 

 hybrid, widely distributed in subtropical and tropical America, Asia and Oceanica, 

 a few species extending into temperate portions of Asia and the southeastern 

 United States; 1 in Madagascar; several are widely cultivated and tend to escape. 



1. Fruit blue or pink to lilac, violet or purple 1. C. americana. 



1. Fruit white 1. C. americana var. lactea. 



1. Callicarpa americana L. American beautyberry, French-mulberry, Ber- 

 muda-mulberry, SOUR-BUSH, bunchberry, filigrana, filigrana de ma- 

 zorca, filigrana de pinar, foxberry, purple beautyberry, Spanish-mul- 

 berry, turkeyberry. 

 Bush or shrub to 3 m. tall, usually much-branched; branches densely stellate- 

 scurfy; leaves opposite or ternate; petioles to 38 mm. long, stellate-scurfy; leaf 

 blades very thin, ovate to elliptic, 8-23 cm. long, 3.5-13 cm. wide, acute or 

 acuminate, coarsely serrate or crenate-dentate except at base and apex, cuneately 

 narrowed into the petiole, stellate-scurfy with whitish tomentum (especially be- 

 neath and when immature); cymes 1-3.5 cm. long and wide, many-flowered, 

 usually shorter than the petiole, many times dichotomous; peduncles 3-10 mm. 

 long, stellate-scurfy or glabrate; pedicels 0.4-1.2 mm. long, scurfy or glabrate; 

 bractlets subulate or setaceous; calyx obconic or campanulate, 1.6-1.8 mm. long, 

 1-1.5 mm. wide, slightly puberulent-granulose, rim subtruncate, very shortly 

 apiculate; corolla small, bluish, pinkish, reddish or white, funnelform, the tube 

 2.6-2.9 mm. long, lobes about 1.5 mm. long and 1 mm. wide; fruit showy, rose- 

 pink or lilac to violet or red-purple, globose, 3-6 mm. long and wide. 



Woods, moist thickets, wet slopes, low rich bottomlands, fencerows and the 

 edges of swamps, in e. and s.e. Okla. (Waterfall) and e. third of Tex., June- 

 Dec; also Md. to Fla. and La., Berm., Cuba and Coah.; also widely cult. 



Var. lactea F. J. Mull, differs in having the mature fruit white; sandy open 

 woods, e. Tex.; also N.C. to Fla. and Ark.; sometimes cult. 



This is an ornamental shrub worthy of cultivation, not only for its beauty 

 but also because it is an attractant to desirable bird life. Its clusters of bright red- 

 dish or purplish fruits are much relished by such birds as the robin, mockingbird, 

 catbird and brown thrasher. 



1395 



