2(1). Corolla 12 mm. long or more; plants ample, the strong stems and branches 

 erect or ascending 2. Nicotiana 



2. Corolla about 6 mm. long; plant small, the weak stems and branches pros- 

 trate 3. Petunia 



1. Solanum L. Nightshade 



Herbs, shrubs or trees of various habit; larger leaves often accompanied by 

 a smaller lateral (rameal) one; peduncles mostly lateral (or becoming lateral) 

 and extra-axillary; calyx and corolla more or less 5-parted or 5-cleft (rarely 4- to 

 10-parted); corolla plaited in the bud, valvate or induplicate; stamens exserted; 

 filaments usually very short; anthers converging around the style, opening at the 

 tip by two pores or chinks; berry usually 2-celled. 



A polymorphous and largely tropical genus of perhaps as many as 1,750 species. 



1. Flowers large; corolla 6-11 mm. long from base to apex; anthers 2.6-4 mm. 

 long; style exserted about 2 mm. beyond the anthers; stigma very 

 slightly expanded; bushy perennial 1. S. Douglasii. 



1. Flowers smaller; corolla about 3 mm. long; anthers 1.2-2.6 mm. long; style 

 barely exserted beyond the anthers; stigma usually enlarged and 

 capitate 2. S. nodiflorum. 



1. Solanum Douglasii Dun. 



Bushy perennial, often suffrutescent, sometimes to 3 m. high, usually much 

 smaller, sparsely to densely cinereous-puberulent or short-pilose, the hairs mostly 

 appressed or subappressed; leaves ovate, 2-10 cm. long, entire to variously 

 angulate-toothed; flowers commonly in umbelliform cymes or sometimes solitary, 

 these borne on peduncles nearly as long as or longer than the pedicels; corolla 

 white or purple-tinged, 1-1.8 cm. in diameter; fruiting calyx erect; berries black 

 at maturity, many-seeded, persistent. 



In igneous soil or on sandy banks, streamsides and in swales in mts. of Trans- 

 Pecos Tex., N.M. (Grant Co.) and Ariz. (Coconino, s. to Cochise, Santa Cruz, 

 Pima and Yuma cos.). Mar .-Oct.; w. to Calif, and adj. Mex. 



Plants here previously referred to the S. nigrum L. complex. 



2. Solanum nodiflorum Jacq. Fig. 679. 



Plant slender, annual or perennial, often tall, sparsely puberulent to strigose 

 or glabrate; leaves firm, entire to sparsely sinuate-dentate, acuminate; flowers 

 commonly in umbelliform cymes or sometimes solitary, these borne on peduncles 

 nearly as long as to longer than pedicels; calyx firm, the lobes all distinct and 

 reflexed in fruit; corolla white or sometimes tinged with purple, not more than 

 8 mm. wide; berries black at maturity, concretions of stone cells absent or few 

 (rarely more than 3). 



A weed in marshes and on ditch banks on drying floodplains and wet gravel 

 of creek beds, in Ariz. (Mohave, Yavapai, Maricopa and Pinal cos.), May-Aug.; 

 Wash, to Calif., Ariz, and (?) Tex. 



Plants here previously referred to the S. nigrum L. complex. 



2. Nicotiana L. Tobacco 



Annual or perennial herbs or rarely small trees or shrubs, narcotic-poisonous 

 and heavy-scented, usually viscid-pubescent; leaves entire or sometimes repand or 

 panduriform, petiolate or sessile; flowers few to many in racemes or panicles; 

 calyx tubular-campanulate, 5-cleft; corolla funnelform or salverform, usually with 

 a long tube, the plaited 5-lobed limb usually spreading; stamens 5, variously 

 inserted on the corolla; stigma capitate; capsule ovoid to narrowly ellipsoid, acute 

 or blunt, 2-celled, 2- or 4-valved from the apex; seeds numerous, minute. 



About 60 species in North America. South America, Australia and South Pacific. 



Kearney and Peebles makes the following comments about these plants: "The 

 leaves of many species besides A^. Tabacum contain nicotine and were smoked 



1450 



