7(4). Floral bracts 3-6 mm. long; scape stout, usually bearing more than 8 



flowers; leafy stems floating beneath surface of water 



7. U. vulgaris. 



7. Floral bracts 3 mm. or less long; scape slender-filiform, bearing fewer than 



8 flowers; leafy stems creeping at the bottom of shallow water, 

 or more of them radiating from the base of a flowering scape (8) 



8(7). Lower corolla lip 5-7 mm. long, distinctly exceeding the thick very blunt 

 spur; body of seed smooth 8. V. gibha. 



8. Lower corolla lip 8-10 mm. long, about equaling or slightly shorter than the 



conic spur (9) 



9(8). Leafy branches from the base of the flower stalk dimorphic, some bearing 

 twice-dichotomous leaves and numerous bladders, others with thrice- 

 dichotomous leaves that lack bladders; body of seed rough-tuber- 

 culate 9. V. fibrosa. 



9. Leafy branches all alike, bearing small dichotomous leaves with numerous 



bladders 10. V. biflora. 



1. Utricularia subulata L. Fig. 708. 



Plants terrestrial, with filiform subterraneal branches and slender undissected 

 leaves, the minute traps borne on separate underground branchlets; scapes filiform, 

 to 2 dm. tall, bearing as many as 12 flowers; floral axis usually flexuous when 

 several flowers are developed; flowers with elongate filiform pedicels to about 15 

 mm. long; bracts at base of pedicels attached at or slightly below their middle, 

 tapering to base and apex, 1-2 mm. long; sepals elliptic to suborbicular, blunt, 

 about 2 mm. long; corolla yellow, 3.5-12 mm. long, the rounded-ovate upper lip 

 smaller than the 3-lobed lower lip, the prominent palate 2-lobed, the compressed 

 spur appressed to and about as long as the lower lip. 



In wet peat, sands and on seepage slopes and pond shores in e. Tex., also 

 Winkler Co. in w. Tex., Mar.-June; from Fla. to Tex. and Ark., n. to L.L, s.e. 

 Mass. and w. N.S. 



Sometimes plants with cleistogamous flowers are found. These are known as 

 f. cleistogama (Gray) Fern. 



2. Utricularia cornuta Michx. Horned bladderwort. Fig. 709. 



Plants terrestrial or on floating mats; stem delicate, usually creeping under- 

 ground and bearing linear-filiform simple leaves (seen only by collecting sods and 

 gently washing away the soil); traps minute, borne along the leaf margins; scapes 

 erect, wiry, slender, to 35 cm. tall, 1- to several- or rarely as many as 9-flowered; 

 flowers subtended by an acute sessile bract to 2 mm. long and 2 smaller included 

 bractlets, very fragrant, at first approximate, the freshly expanding lower ones 

 over-topping the unexpanded buds above; pedicels mostly exserted somewhat 

 beyond the bracts; longer sepal yellowish, acuminate; corolla yellow, 15-25 mm. 

 high (from tip of long spur to tip of upturned upper lip), nearly as broad; the 

 larger lower lip helmet-shaped, with a projecting convex center and recurved 

 sides; spur subulate, turned downward and outward, 7-12 mm. long; capsule 

 covered by the beaked calyx. 



In wet peaty, sandy or muddy shores or bogs, sometimes on edge of water, 

 in the e. half of Tex., May-Sept.; from Nfld. to n. Ont. and Minn., s. to Fla. 

 and Tex. 



3. Utricularia juncea Vahl. Fig. 710. 



Very similar to U. cornuta but smaller in all its parts, the more slender 

 scapes to 4 dm. tall and bearing as many as 12 flowers; flowers not crowded, the 

 expanding ones not reaching the unexpanded buds above; pedicels mostly over- 



1516 





