if articulated; leaves large, to 12.5 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, bright-green, mem- 

 branaceous, ovate-lanceolate to oval, acuminate at apex, gradually tapering into 

 a short petiole, glabrous on lower surface, slightly hairy above; flowers numerous, 

 axillary and terminal, in oblong and somewhat strobilaccous usually short- 

 peduncled cylindrical compact spikes; bracts oval to obovate, with a narrowed 

 base, about 15 mm. long, mucronate, hirsute-ciliate; bractlcts similar to bracts but 

 smaller, about half the length of the capsule; calyx sessile, somewhat glumaceous, 

 deeply 5-parted; calyx lobes setaceous-subulate, sparingly hirsute-ciliate, the inner- 

 most smaller; corolla white to flesh-colored, 3- or 4-toothed, almost salverform, 

 about 15 mm. long, the spreading lobes about 5 mm. long; stamens 2, with oblong 

 contiguous and similar anther cells that are muticous, with rarely one or both 

 mucronate at base; filaments slender, inserted and included within the tube of 

 the corolla; capsule clavate-oblong, firm-coriaceous, 4-seeded, the body longer 

 than the stipelike base; seeds glabrous, minutely rugulose. Gatesia laetevirens 

 (Buckl.) Gray. 



In pinewoods, gulf prairies, marshes and swamps of e. Tex., July-Oct.; from 

 Fla. to Tex., n. to Ga. and Tenn. 



5. Justicia L. 



Herbs or shrubs; leaves opposite, petiolate, entire; flowers solitary or in spikes 

 or panicles; bracts various, small, linear to subulate, distant, conspicuous and 

 imbricate; calyx segments 5 or (in some species) 4, usually narrow and nearly 

 equal; corollas usually white, pink or purple, sometimes with purple or white 

 markings in throat, the tube usually rather narrow, the limb 2-lipped, the upper 

 lip 2-lobed, the lower lip 3-lobed; stamens 2, often slightly exserted but usually 

 not exceeding the corolla lips; anther cells 2, more or less superposed, one or 

 both cells apiculate or tailed, the connective narrow to broad, the lobes parallel 

 or obliquely affixed; capsules clavate, 4-seeded. 



About 300 species, mostly tropical. 



1. Flowers capitate, the heads dense, at length oblong 1.7. americana. 



1. Flowers in spikes, lax on one side 2. 7. lanceolata. 



1. Justicia americana (L.) Vahl. American v^ater-willow. Fig. 720. 



Perennial glabrous plant, colonial by rhizomes, to 1 m. high; stem erect, sulcate- 

 angled, slender, usually simple, often rooting below; leaves linear to lanceolate 

 or narrowly oblong, gradually acuminate, narrowed at base into short petioles 

 or sessile, to 16 cm. long and 25 mm. wide; flowers borne in capitate spikes to 

 3 cm. long at ends of slender axillary stiffly ascending peduncles that are to 15 

 cm. long; calyx 5-parted, longer than the internodes above it; calyx lobes linear- 

 subulate, about 7 mm. long; corolla violet or nearly white, 1-1.2 cm. long, its 

 tube shorter than the lips, the base of the lower lip rough and palatelike, marked 

 with purple dots; stamens 2, the glabrous filaments attached at tip of corolla 

 tube and 6 mm. long; anther cells separating and somewhat unequal, the terminal 

 anther sac transverse; capsule about 12 mm. long, exceeding the calyx, its stipe 

 about the length of the slightly compressed body; seeds 4, densely vernicose. 3 

 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, Dianthera americana L. and var. subcoriacea (Fern.) 

 Shinners. 



In shallow water and mud in e. and s.e. Tex., also on the Edwards Plateau 

 and in n.-cen. Tex. and Okla. (Adair, Cherokee, Comanche. Craig, Johnston, 

 McCurtain, Murray and Pushmataha cos.), Apr.-Sept.; from Ga. to Tex., n. to 

 Que., Vt., N.Y., Ont., Wise, Mo. and Kan. 



2. Justicia lanceolata (Chapm.) Small. Lance-leaved water-willow. Fig. 721. 

 Perennial herb to 3 dm. high; stems erect or spreading, more or less branched; 



1531 



