fours, occasionally in fives or sixes, linear to oblanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 

 obtuse, to 2 cm. long; peduncles slender, scattered; flowers solitary or (when 

 terminal) in threes on capillary scabrous peduncles or pedicels to 3 cm. long; 

 corolla whitish-green, about 0.5 mm. long, its 3 or 4 lobes obtuse; fruit smooth, 

 annular in cross section. 



In wet ground, mud, edge of pools, wet depressions in woods, marshes and 

 wet meadows, in mts. of the (?) Tex. Trans-Pecos, N. M. (Taos Co.) and Ariz. 

 (Coconino Co.), summer; from Nfld. and Lab. to Aleutian Is., s. to (?) Tex., N.M., 

 Ariz, and Calif.; also Euras. 



5. Galium tinctorium L. Dye bedstraw, stiff marsh bedstraw. 



Perennial with stifi" ascending or reclining stems, the younger internodgs retrorse- 

 scabrous on angles; leaves of main axis mostly in fives or sixes, sometimes in 

 fours, broadly oblanceolate to oblong-spatulate, firm, to 2 cm. long; peduncles 

 stiff, straight or straightish, the longest ones 1-1.7 cm. long with 3 (sometimes 

 more) nearly uniform smooth short (to 8 mm. long) straight divergent pedicels; 

 corolla greenish-white, usually 3-lobed, less than 2 mm. broad; mature pairs of 

 fruit smooth, 2-3 mm. across. 



In swamps and damp places, in bogs, and mud about lakes and ponds, in the 

 e. fourth of Tex. and Okla. (Waterfall), reported from Ariz. (Kearney & Peebles), 

 Mar.-Aug.; from Nfld. to Ont. and Neb., s. to S.C, Ky., Mo. and Tex. 



Var. subbiflorum (Wieg.) Fern. Many flowers on 1, 2 or 3 separate axillary 

 peduncles or a few peduncles 2- or 3-forked. Lab. and Nfld. to Alas., s. to N.E., 

 N.Y., Mich., Minn., N.M., Ariz, and Calif. 



Some recent authors have considered G. tinctorium and G. trifidum to be 

 conspecific. We are, however, not entirely convinced that this is so. 



6. Galium uncinulatum Gray. 



Perennial herb to 3 dm. high, with spreading branches that form a dense 

 procumbent mass, rather densely pilose to hirsute throughout; leaves in fours, 

 narrowly to broadly elliptic to obovate-elliptic, mostly rounded and somewhat 

 mucronate at apex, averaging 1 cm. long or more; pedicels short, stout, rigid, 

 rarely more than 8 mm. long, more or less puberulent; corolla yellow or yellowish- 

 white, 2-3 mm. broad, the ovate lobes pilose; bristles of the fruit hooked. Inch 

 var. obstipum (Schlecht.) Wats. 



In wet gravelly soil along streams, on steep hillsides, ledges and canyons in 

 Brewster Co., e. to the upper Rio Grande Plains and w. Edwards Plateau in 

 Tex.; also in Mex. 



7. Galium mexicanum H.B.K. var. asperulum (Gray) Dempst. 



Stems erect or diffusely ascending but weak, 3-6 dm. high, from a slender 

 perennial rootstock, minutely retrorse-hispidulous to scabrous or nearly glabrous 

 on the angles; leaves 5 to 8, usually 6, lanceolate to oblanceolate, rounded-apicu- 

 late to acute at apex, 1-2.5 cm. long, vernicose on upper surface, the margins and 

 midrib beneath antrorsely or retrorsely hispidulous-ciliolate or more or less naked; 

 cymes twice- or thrice-dichotomous, with filiform peduncles and pedicels; corolla 

 white or turning purplish, to 4 mm. broad; fruit less than 2 mm. in diameter, 

 tuberculate, sometimes minutely hispidulous with slender hooked hairs. G. 

 asperrimum Gray. 



In shaded moist areas, wet depressions and wet soils along streams and irriga- 

 tion ditches, rich conifer forests, in mts. of the Tex. Trans-Pecos, N. M. (Santa 

 Fe, San Miguel, Bernalillo, Grant, Otero, Lincoln and Taos cos.) and Ariz. 

 (Apache and Navajo, s. to Cochise, Santa Cruz and Pima cos.), May-Oct.; from 

 w. Tex. to Calif., Wash., Mont, and Ida. 



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