8. Galium boreale L. 



Plant erect, to 9 dm. high, perennial, mostly smooth and glabrous, very leafy; 

 leaves in fours, linear to broadly lanceolate, blunt at apex, rather rigid, distinctly 

 3-nerved, often with fascicles of smaller leaves in the axils, the uppermost leaves 

 reduced to pairs of small oblong or oval bracts; flowers in numerous close cymules 

 that are collected in a terminal and ample thyrsiform panicle; corolla bright-white, 

 3-4 mm. wide: fruits small, typically vilious-hirsute with long straight or slightly 

 curved hairs. 



In shaded areas in moist wooded ravines, edge of wet meadows, possibly in 

 mts. of the Tex. Trans-Pecos, N. M. (Sandoval and Taos cos.) and Ariz. (Apache 

 and Navajo cos.), May-Aug.; from Can., s. to Pa., (?) Tex., N.M., Ariz, and 

 Calif.; also Euras. 



9. Galium Aparine L. Catchweed bedstraw, goose-grass, cleavers. Fig. 722A. 

 Weak or reclining annual with a slender taproot; stem retrorsely hispid on the 



angles, hairy above the joints, to 1 m. long; leaves mostly 6 to 8 in a whorl, linear- 

 lanceolate, tapering at the base, chiefly 2-7 cm. long, bristle-tipped, the margins 

 and lower midrib retrorsely hispid; peduncles 1- to 3-flowered; corollas white; 

 fruit bristly, 2-4 mm. in diameter. Incl. var. Vaillantii Koch. 



In rich woods, thickets, prairies, seashores and waste ground, in seepage along 

 streams and about springs, in e.. cen. and s. Tex., Okla. (Grady Co.), N. M. 

 (Dona Ana, Lincoln and Union cos.) and Ariz. (Navajo to Mohave, s. to Green- 

 lee, Graham and Pima cos.), Mar.-May; from Nfld. to Alas., s. to Fla., Tex.. 

 N.M., Ariz, and Calif., both nat. and introd.; also Euras. 



10. Galium triflorum Michx. Fragrant bedstraw. 



Weak perennial from slender creeping rootstocks; stems simple or remotely 

 forking, to 1 m. long or more, smooth; leaves mostly in sixes, thin, elliptic-lanceo- 

 late to narrowly oblong, cuspidate, the primary ones 2.8-5 cm. long, the upper 

 ones only slightly reduced, with minute ascending cilia on or near the margin; 

 peduncles axillary, rather short, terminally 3-flowered, the flowers all pedicelled; 

 corolla whitish or greenish-white, 4-lobed, 2-4 mm. in diameter; fruit densely 

 bristly. 



Woods and thickets, seepage area along creeks and about springs, wet depres- 

 sions in shaded areas, in e. and n.-cen. Tex., Okla. (Waterfall), N. M. (Grant, 

 Socorro, Rio Arriba, Sandoval, San Juan and Taos cos.) and Ariz. (Apache to 

 Coconino, s. to Yavapai. Graham and Pima cos.), May-Sept.; from Nfld. to Alas., 

 s. through e. Can. and the n. states and more sparingly to Va., Tenn., La., Tex.. 

 N.M., Ariz., Calif, and Mex. 



The herbage is usually sweet-scented in drying. 



2. Hedyotls L. Bluets 



Erect or prostrate herbs or rarely low shrubs; leaves opposite to infrequently 

 fasciculate, either sessile or petiolate, often linear; flowers large and colored or 

 small and white, 4-merous, heterostylous. homostylous or short-stylous only; 

 corolla salverform, funnelform or infrequently rotate; style slender, 1; stigmas 2; 

 ovary 2-celled: capsule didymous or less commonly globular or turbinate, opening 

 loculicidally across the summit. Houstonia L. 



A diverse, largely pantropic genus of about 300 species best developed in the 

 Old World; occasional in temperate regions of the Western Hemisphere and Asia. 



1. Corolla 4-7 mm. long, whitish to pale-purple; capsule about one-fourth in- 

 ferior; seeds crateriform, less than 20 1. H. pygmaea. 



1. Corolla to 2 mm. long, white; capsule usually wholly inferior; seed angulate, 

 very numerous and small (2) 



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