1. Valeriana capitata Link. 



Perennial 1.5-6 dm. tall; rhizome relatively stoui, 2-4 mm. thick; stem 

 glabrous or glabrescent; leaves predominantly basal, more often numerous and 

 forming a rather loosely tufted rosette, undivided or rarely divided, predominantly 

 oblong- to oblanceolate- or obovate-spatulate, 3.5-36 cm. long. 1.2-2.3 cm. wide, 

 short-acuminate or acute to more or less apiculate, glabrous or sometimes spread- 

 ing-ciliate toward the subpetiolar base; cauline leaves essentially sessile, pinnate 

 to pinnatifid. the lowermost sometimes undivided, 1.5-12 cm. long, usually 

 smaller, the lateral lobes in 2 to 5 pairs, linear to oblong-linear, grading smaller, 

 becoming more or less filiform, 1-3 mm. wide; petioles obscure; inflorescence 

 1.5-3.5 cm. wide in anthesis; bracts glabrous; calyx limb 10- to 14-fid; corolla 

 4-8 mm. long, glabrous or sometimes pilosulous toward the base of the tube 

 without; achenes ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 2.5-5 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. wide, 

 glabrous, frequently purple-maculate. 



Wet meadows, along stream sides, open woods and grassy slopes in N.M. 

 (Catron, Mora, San Miguel and Santa Fe cos.) and Ariz. (Apache, Coconino, 

 Graham, Cochise, Santa Cruz and Pima cos.), May-Aug.; also Wyo. and Colo. 



Our plant is referred to subsp. acutiloba (Rydb.) F. G. Mey. 



2. Valeriana occidentalis Heller. 



Perennial, mostly 4-9 dm. tall, relatively robust, from stoutish rhizomes 3-6 

 mm. thick; stem 3-6 mm. in diameter, glabrous or glabrescent, the nodes con- 

 sistently white tufted-pilosulous; leaves at the base forming a loosely tufted 

 rosette with the several adventitious shoots, petiolate, undivided or pinnate to 

 pinnatifid; undivided leaves oblong to narrowly ovate or more or less spatulate, 

 rarely suborbicular, 12-30 cm. long, entire or essentially so, glabrous; blades 

 and terminal lobe of the divided leaves 2-10 cm. long, 1.3-6 cm. wide, short- 

 acuminate or obtuse, the lateral lobes in 1 or 2 pairs, grading smaller; petiole 

 1 to 1.5 times the blade length, spreading-ciliate toward the base, sometimes 

 spreading to the blade and lateral lobes; cauline leaves in 2 to 4 pairs, the lower- 

 most short-petiolate, pinnate to pinnatifid or sometimes undivided, 4.5-14.5 cm. 

 long, the uppermost much-reduced and sessile, the terminal lobe oblong-linear to 

 ovate or obovate, 1.9-6.8 cm. long, 9-40 mm. wide, acute or obtuse, the lateral 

 lobes in 1 to 6 pairs, grading smaller; inflorescence 3.5-5 cm. wide in anthesis, 

 later diffuse (8-60 cm. long, 4.5-15 cm. wide), the nodes pilosulous, the inter- 

 nodes glabrous or sometimes scattered-pilosulous; bracts 5-6 mm. long, glabrous; 

 flowers gynodioecious; corolla rotate to subrotate, 3-3.5 mm. long, white, glabrous 

 without, the throat scattered-pilosulous within; stamens and style exserted; achenes 

 linear- to ovate-oblong, 3-5 mm. long, 1-2 mm. wide, sparsely to densely 

 pilosulous or glabrous, tawny, the abaxial ribs often rather prominent; calyx 

 limb 11- to 16-fid. 



Wet meadows or grassy wet places among willows, aspen glens and yellow pine 

 woods, in rich loam or on open rocky hillsides, in Ariz. (Coconino Co.) May- 

 Sept.; S.D. and Mont, to Ore., s. to Colo., Ariz, and Calif. 



3. Valeriana texana Steyerm. Fig. 732. 



Plant to 3 dm. high, with a stout multicipital caudex and forked rugose conical 

 taproots to 2 cm. thick and much contorted in age; stems several, subscapose, 

 glabrous or sometimes sparsely pilosulous at nodes; leaves predominantly basal, 

 undivided, elliptic to obovate-spatulate, narrowly obtuse to acute, to 16 cm. long 

 and 3 cm. wide, tapering to the subpetiolar base, firmly membranaceous, glabrous, 

 usually somewhat marginate, the stem leaves similar to but smaller than the basal 

 leaves; inflorescence 2-6 cm. long in anthesis, later diffuse and to 12 cm. long 



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