and 7 cm. wide, the internodes glabrous or sometimes thinly pilosulous; bracts 

 3-4 mm. long, reduced above, glabrous to spreading-ciliate; calyx limb 6- to 8-fid; 

 corolla rotate, 2.5-3 mm. long, whitish, thinly pilosulous at the base on outside, 

 the ovate lobes equal to or shorter than the tube; stamens and style exserted; 

 achenes oblong to linear-oblong, 2-2.5 mm. long and less than 1 mm. wide, 

 smooth, brownish, more or less keeled abaxially, the adaxial ribs evident. 



On boulders in creek and on wet rocks, and on moist shaded limestone cliffs 

 in canyons of Guadalupe Mts. in the Trans-Pecos, Tex. and N. M. (Eddy Co.), 

 Apr.-July. 



4. Valeriana eduHs Nutt. ex T. & G. 



Perennial to 12 dm. tall, robust; stem subscapose, from a large vertical 

 caudex and conical often forked taproot; leaves thickish, usually numerous and 

 glabrous, predominantly basal, oblong- to obovate-spatulate, entire or pinnately 

 parted, the lateral lobes of the divided leaves mostly distinct and sometimes 

 narrowly decurrent, the terminal lobe 4.5-9 cm. long and 7-20 mm. wide; cauline 

 leaves 2 or 3 well-developed pairs, essentially sessile, usually pinnately parted 

 with few elongate linear to spatulate divisions; inflorescence an elongate open 

 panicle to 75 cm. long and 14 cm. wide at anthesis; calyx limb 9- to 13-fid; 

 corolla yellowish or greenish, that of the perfect and staminate flowers 3-3.5 mm. 

 long, of the minute pistillate flowers 0.5 mm. long, the throat scattered-pilosulous 

 within; achenes 2.5-4.5 mm. long, glabrous to densely hirsutulous. 



In wet meadows, marshes, old lake beds, wettish pastures, creek bottoms, 

 yellow pine and aspen woods and mt. slopes, in N. M. (widespread) and Ariz. 

 (Apache to Coconino, Yavapai, Graham and Cochise cos.), May-Oct.; Mont, 

 and Ida. to N. M. and Ariz. 



The roots of this species are said to have been boiled and eaten by the Indians. 



2. VALERIANELLA Mill. Corn Salad 



Annual or sometimes biennial often disgustingly malodorous (when dry) herbs 

 with erect dichotomously branched stems; leaves more or less succulent, the basal 

 leaves tufted and entire, the stem leaves sessile and often dentate; flowers small, 

 cymose-clustered, bracted; calyx limb obsolete or short-toothed; corolla funnel- 

 form or salverform, white or pale-blue, equally or unequally 5-lobed; stamens 

 3 or rarely 2; fruit 2-celled or 3-celled with 2 of the cells empty and sometimes 

 confluent and the other 1 -seeded. 



About 80 species in the Northern Hemisphere. In northern Europe, V. locusta 

 (L.) Betcke is commonly used as a potherb in fall and spring. 



1. Fertile cell of fruit about one third less than (often to one half) the combined 

 width of the sterile cells, when viewed dorsally it does not com- 

 pletely conceal the 2 sterile cells that extend outward 



1. V. Woodsiana. 



1. Fertile cell of fruit usually about equaling or wider than the combined width 



of the sterile cells, when viewed dorsally it usually completely con- 

 ceals the 2 sterile cells (2) 



2(1). Plants glabrous or sometimes with tufts of hairs on each side of the leaf 

 base near the nodes; fruit always pubescent (3) 



2. Plants pubescent, sometimes only on the leaves and the lower part of the 



stem, in addition to tufts on each side of leaf bases near the nodes; 

 fruit glabrous or sometimes puberulent or pubescent (4) 



3(2). Fruit white-hirsute, 1.5-2 mm. long, the hairs uncinate; corymb compact, 

 the glomerate cymules many 2. V. amarella. 



3. Fruit only sparsely short-pubescent, 1.7 mm. long; corymb open, with few 



glomerules 3. V. florifera. 



1565 



