4(2). Fruits laterally compressed, strongly carinate, less than 1 mm. long 



4. V. texana. 



4. Fruit dorsiventrally compressed, never strongly carinate, more than 1 mm. 



long (5) 



5(4). Fruits ellipsoid; fertile cell rounded on the dorsal side (6) 



5. Fruits ovoid; fertile cell flattened on the dorsal side (7) 



6(5). Corolla 2-3 mm. long, conspicuous above the bracts 



5. V. stenocarpa var. stenocarpa. 



6. Corolla 1.5 mm. long, not conspicuous above the bracts 



5. V. stenocarpa var. parviflora. 



7(5). Sterile cells of fruit more or less divergent with a prominent groove be- 

 tween them, their combined width slightly less than or wider than 

 the fertile 6. V. radiata var. radiata. 



7. Sterile cells more approximate with only a slight groove between them, their 



combined width about half the width of the fertile 



6. V. radiata var. Fernaldii. 



1. Valerianella Woodsiana (T. & G.) Walp. Fig. 733. 



Stem 1.5-5 dm. tall, rather stout, pubescent along the angles; leaves hairy 

 on the margin and on the midrib on the lower surface; the lower leaves spatulate, 

 entire, slightly connate; the upper leaves oblong-ovate with several coarse teeth 

 near the base, not connate; bracts elliptic-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, glabrous, 

 usually weakly glandularly fimbriate-serrulate toward the tip; inflorescence lax to 

 somewhat compact, corymbosely cymose; corolla white, 1.5 mm. long, funnel- 

 form; tube much shorter than the limb, a saccate gibbosity at base of throat on 

 the ventral side; stamens and style exserted; stigma lobes short; fruit yellowish, 

 subglobose, about 2 mm. long, glabrous or finely pubescent; fertile cell often 

 short-beaked, narrowly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, weakly one-nerved and flat- 

 tened on the dorsal side, much narrower than the inflated widely divergent sterile 

 cells which have a wide groove between them. 



In moist low sandy or clayey soils in woods and on prairies and wet soil on 

 edge of ponds, lakes and along streams in e. Tex. and e. Okla. {Waterfall), 

 Mar.-May. 



2. Valerianella amarella Krok. Fig. 733. 



Stem 1.5-3 dm. tall, glabrous; leaves glabrous except for tufts of hairs on 

 each side of the base near the nodes, the lower obovate-spatulate and entire, the 

 upper oblong-obovate and sessile; bracts glabrous, ovate-lanceolate to elliptic- 

 lanceolate, rounded to acute at the apex, usually hyaline-margined; inflorescence 

 compact, corymbosely cymose; corolla white, funnelform, 1.5-3 mm. long; limb 

 usually as long as the throat and tube combined, a saccate gibbosity at the base of 

 the throat on the ventral side; stamens and style usually long-exserted, sometimes 

 either stamens or style short and abortive; stigma lobes short; fruit 1.5-2 mm. 

 long, subglobose, ovoid, brownish, hirsute with rather long uncinate white hairs; 

 sterile cells much smaller than the large fertile cell, contiguous, groove between 

 them narrow and very shallow or inconspicuous. 



On rocky calcareous open or wooded hills and in prairies, low wet grounds 

 and barrens, mostly in cen. Tex. and Okla. (Arbuckle Mts. and Caddo Co.), 

 Mar.-May; also e. Kan. 



3. Valerianella florifera Shinners. Fig. 733. 



Stem 9-18 cm. tall, glabrous; leaves entire, glabrous or the lower slightly 

 scabrous-ciliate especially toward apex; lower leaves oblong to oblong-spatulate, 

 sessile; upper leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate or narrowly deltoid-oblong, 



1566 



