A genus of perhaps 300 species, represented in the floras of all the continents 

 and on many oceanic islands; about 80 species in North America. 



1. Flowers bright-red; corolla 35-40 mm. long or more; filaments 20 mm. long 

 or more; pedicels with a pair of green or yellowish glandular 

 bracteoles near base; seeds very rough (2) 



1. Flowers blue, lavender, purple or white; corolla mostly not over 25 mm. long; 



filaments 15 mm. long or less; pedicels and seeds various (5) 



2(1). Filament tube 24-33 (usually 28-30) mm. long; anther tube 4-5.5 mm. 

 long; leaves usually coarsely and irregularly toothed, the blades 3 



to 5 times as long as wide; eastern Texas and Oklahoma 



10. L. Cardinalis var. Cardinalis. 



2. Filament tube 19-25 (rarely 30) mm. long; anther tube mostly 3.4-4.5 mm. 



long; leaves entire to coarsely toothed, the blades often 6 to 12 

 times as long as wide; western Texas (3) 



3(2). Inflorescence appearing pedunculate, usually short, of 20 flowers or fewer, 

 not leafy-bracted; cauline leaves mostly 8 to 12 times as long as 

 wide, linear to linear-lanceolate; plants nearly glabrous; in the 

 Trans-Pecos 10. L. Cardinalis var. pseudosplendens. 



3. Plants leafy up to the inflorescence, the latter not appearing pedunculate, 



usually many-flowered, often leafy-bracted; cauline leaves mostly 

 6 to 8 times as long as wide, lanceolate to oblong or ovate (4) 



4(3). Plants densely short-pubescent throughout; leaves subentire to somewhat 

 toothed; in the Trans-Pecos 10. L. Cardinalis var. midtiflora. 



4. Plants glabrous or sparsely pubescent; leaves usually prominently toothed; 



chiefly west of the 100th meridian and east of the Pecos River.... 

 10. L. Cardinalis var. phyllostachya. 



5(1). Filaments 12-15 mm. long; pedicels with a pair of gland-tipped bracteoles 

 at or above the middle; calyx lobes often 5-6 mm. wide, with 

 leafy auricles 2-5 mm. long at base; seeds very rough; northeastern 

 Texas and eastern Oklahoma 9. L. siphilitica. 



5. Filaments 9 (rarely to 11) mm. long or less; pedicels, calyx and seeds various 



(6) 



6(5). Filaments more than 5 mm. long; corolla tube 7 (rarely 6.5) mm. long 

 or more; seeds rough (7) 



6. Filaments less than 5 mm. long; corolla tube 6 mm. long or less; seeds rough 



or smooth (10) 



7(6). Corolla short-pilose within at base of lower lip, the tube not (or very 

 rarely) fenestrate laterally; plants totally glabrous or puberulent 

 in the inflorescence (8) 



7. Corolla glabrous within at base of lower lip, the tube fenestrate laterally near 



base; plants rather densely and uniformly pubescent or (in excep- 

 tional forms) nearly glabrous in the inflorescence (9) 



8(7). Leaves all basal or with a few small ones above the base; pedicels with 

 minute inconspicuous bracteoles at base 5. L. floridana. 



8. Leaves mostly cauline, well-distributed along the stem; pedicels bibracteolate 



well above base (usually about the middle or a little below), the 

 bracteoles often 1 mm. long or more, often green and denticulate 

 6. L. flaccidifolia. 



9(7). Filaments mostly 6-7 mm. long; plants puberulent to glabrate or short- 

 hirsute; flowers numerous, usually about 1 cm. apart; calyx lobes 



narrowly triangular-lanceolate, not densely pilose at base 



8. L. puberula. 



1575 



